Introduction

China-Palestine Relations

Curated By

Voice of the Proletariat

Offering Marxist-Leninist analysis and commentary on current events, international relations, geopolitics, industry studies, and more.

About this Collection

About this Collection

China has always and will always support the just cause of Palestinian liberation. It is true that China, in line with established international law, recognizes the Zionist entity and backs the so-called "two-state solution."

Yet, China has adopted a more active stance in the new era regarding the Palestinian question. For 13 consecutive years, President (also Chairman and General Secretary) Xi Jinping has sent congratulatory messages to the UN Special Commemorative Meeting in observance of the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People. Since 2023, China has provided multiple batches of emergency aid in an effort to help relieve the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. In 2024, China hosted the reconciliation talks of Palestinian factions in Beijing.

Today, China remains ready to work with Palestine to carry forward the two sides' traditional friendship, deepen strategic mutual trust, expand win-win cooperation, and elevate the two sides' partnership to new heights.

Read this collection online: https://unlearn.capital/collections/china-palestine-relations

13 articles · 2 videos · 2 reports

This ebook is about 68 pages long.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

1. More Chinese medical aid arrives to Palestine

3 pages

https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-04-21/More-Chinese-medical-aid-arrives-to-Palestine--PSiIkI25RC/index.html

CGTN

By Noor Harazeen

China delivers a second batch of medical supplies to Palestine, reinforcing its support for Palestinian health services amid the ongoing conflict and humanitarian crisis.

2. Chinese Anti-epidemic Medical Expert Team to Palestine Meets with officials of UNRWA

2 pages

https://ps.china-office.gov.cn/eng/zxxx/202007/t20200701_6042248.htm

Office of the People's Republic of China to the State of Palestine

China's anti-epidemic medical expert team visits UNRWA in Palestine, sharing Covid-19 response expertise and advocating for long-term medical cooperation to support Palestinian refugees.

3. China to Send $1 Million In Cash to Gaza After Ceasefire With Israel

2 pages

https://www.newsweek.com/china-send-1-million-cash-gaza-after-ceasefire-israel-1593686

Newsweek

By Jenni Fink

China pledges $2 million in humanitarian aid to Gaza following the ceasefire between Hamas and Israel, including cash, COVID-19 vaccines, and support for reconstruction, while criticising the US's stance on the conflict.

4. China's mediation role between Israel and Palestine

5 pages

https://www.dailysabah.com/opinion/op-ed/chinas-mediation-role-between-israel-and-palestine

Daily Sabah

By Abdurrahim Sağır

China's shift from passive observer to aspiring mediator in the Israel-Palestine conflict reflects its 'Major Country Diplomacy' strategy, but Beijing's proposals lack concrete enforcement measures, enabling it to maintain arms-tech ties with Israel while rhetorically backing Palestine.

5. China’s Xi Jinping backs ‘just cause’ of Palestinian statehood

2 pages

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/14/chinas-xi-jinping-backs-just-cause-of-palestinian-statehood

Al Jazeera

China's president Xi Jinping reaffirmed support for Palestinian statehood during a three-day visit by Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas, backing a two-state solution based on 1967 borders with East Jerusalem as capital, as Beijing expands Middle East diplomatic influence.

6. China’s Stance on the Palestine-Israel Issue from History to Present

5 pages

https://sinoturkishstudies.com/en/world/west-asia/chinas-stance-on-the-palestine-israel-issue-from-history-to-present/

Sino Turkish Studies

By İbrahim Orçun Göktürk

China has historically supported Palestine, from Mao's era recognition of the PLO to Xi Jinping's advocacy for a two-state solution, but its post-Mao pivot toward Israel and recent active diplomatic engagement reflect changing geopolitics amidst US decline.

7. China’s Narrative Places Blame of Israel Conflict on U.S. and West: ISW

2 pages

https://www.newsweek.com/chinas-narrative-places-blame-israel-conflict-us-west-isw-1834691

Newsweek

By Aila Slisco

Chinese government narratives blame U.S. and Western allies for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, framing their support for Israel as biased and delegitimizing America as a responsible regional actor, according to an ISW report.

8. How Chinese Maoism Intellectually Shaped Modern Palestinian Jihadism

5 pages

https://thediplomat.com/2024/05/how-chinese-maoism-intellectually-shaped-modern-palestinian-jihadism/

The Diplomat

By Benjamin R Young

Maoist ideology and guerrilla warfare strategies profoundly influenced the Palestinian national movement, shaping its anti-colonial rhetoric and the jihadist ideology of groups like Hamas, despite China's later abandonment of Maoism.

9. China condemns attacks on civilians in Gaza, opposes violating international law

1 page

https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/china-condemns-attacks-on-civilians-in-gaza-opposes-violating-international-law/3637016

Anadolu Ajansi

By Berk Kutay Gökmen

China condemns attacks on civilians in Gaza and violations of international law amid ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas, urging de-escalation and ceasefire.

10. Communist Party of China joins Liberation Movements Summit in South Africa

31 pages

https://socialistchina.org/2025/08/01/communist-party-of-china-joins-liberation-movements-summit-in-south-africa/

Friends of Socialist China

CPC delegation led by Liu Jianchao attended Liberation Movements Summit in South Africa, focusing on defending liberation gains and strengthening solidarity for African development.

11. Xi Jinping pledges US$100 million for Palestine

4 pages

https://socialistchina.org/2025/12/09/xi-jinping-pledges-us100-million-for-palestine/

Friends of Socialist China

Xi Jinping announced $100 million in humanitarian aid for Palestine to alleviate Gaza's crisis and support reconstruction.

12. Palestinian parties visit China

2 pages

https://socialistchina.org/2026/06/10/palestinian-parties-visit-china/

Friends of Socialist China

Chinese and Palestinian officials discussed strengthening relations and promoting a just solution to the Palestinian question during a meeting in Beijing.

13. Why Doesn’t China Sanction “Israel”?: Analysis

4 pages

https://voiceoftheproletariat.substack.com/p/why-doesnt-china-sanction-israel

Voice of the Proletariat

By Park Jee-hoon

China's refusal to sanction Israel stems from its principled opposition to unilateral sanctions and adherence to the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-Existence, prioritizing diplomatic recognition, UN resolutions, and legal support for Palestinian self-determination over punitive measures.

Other Resources

Other Resources

This collection also includes other media types such as books, videos, podcasts, and more.

Reports

China and the Palestinians

Resource Not Added

By John K. Cooley

China's support for the Palestinian cause stems from shared anti-imperialist ideology and strategic interests, including securing oil supplies and countering superpower influence, blending ideological alignment with pragmatic self-interest.

Public sitting held on Thursday 22 February 2024, at 10 a.m., at the Peace Palace, President Salam presiding, on the Legal Consequences arising from the Policies and Practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem

Resource Not Added

By International Court of Justice (ICJ) at The Hague

Prolonged occupation, demographic changes, and discriminatory measures violate the Palestinian right to self-determination, and urges the Court to issue a landmark opinion that ends the illegal occupation.

Videos

China’s UN Ambassador Blasts Israel Over Gaza War at Security Council | AC1G

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OONbJeGcSw

Resource Not Added

By DRM News | YouTube

China’s Ambassador to the United Nations delivered a scathing speech at the UN Security Council, condemning Israel’s military campaign in Gaza. Beijing’s envoy criticized Israel’s actions, indicating strong Chinese opposition to Israel’s conduct, which underscores China's firm stance on the conflict and its willingness to voice disapproval at the international forum.

China Expert: Has Beijing Betrayed Palestine? Why The Left Is Asking The Wrong Question

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvJezf33-cQ

Dr. Radhika Desai

By Carlos Martinez

Carlos Martinez defends Chinese foreign policy on Palestine as a strategic balancing act. He argues its UN vetoes on Gaza are strategy rather than betrayal, and that China rejects unilateral sanctions even against Israel.

More Chinese medical aid arrives to Palestine

China-Palestine Relations — More Chinese medical aid arrives to Palestine

More Chinese medical aid arrives to Palestine

Article 1 of 13

CGTN

By Noor Harazeen

Originally published at https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-04-21/More-Chinese-medical-aid-arrives-to-Palestine--PSiIkI25RC/index.html

Ambassador of the People's Republic of China to the Palestinian Territories Guo Wei and Palestinian Minister of Health Dr. Mai Kila during a ceremony to deliver Chinese supplies to the Palestinian government. /CGTN

Ambassador of the People's Republic of China to the Palestinian Territories Guo Wei and Palestinian Minister of Health Dr. Mai Kila during a ceremony to deliver Chinese supplies to the Palestinian government. /CGTN

As the world anxiously awaits its share of Chinese medical assistance that the planes carry to both east and west, the Medical Aid plane from China landed, carrying tons of medicines, quick medical test equipment for COVID-19 and ventilators for Palestine.

Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammed Ishtaia recently announced that the People's Republic of China has promised to send emergency medical aid to the Palestinians to strengthen health services for Palestinian patients. "Our country is waiting for the arrival of medical assistance from China to fill the deficit faced by the Palestinians in the health sector," the Prime minister said at a press conference.

The Ambassador of the People's Republic of China in Palestine Guo Wei delivered medical supplies from China to the Palestinian Ministry of Health in Ramallah, where he confirmed that China stands with the Palestinian people in the face of the pandemic, and confirmed that Beijing will continue to support the Palestinians in their fight against COVID-19 and will provide them with all necessary medical equipment and devices to strengthen their resilience, stressing that the Chinese government chartered a private plane for the supplies.

"This new package of aid was transported from Beijing to Palestine by private plane. Five days before this package of aid, there were Chinese non-governmental donations that arrived in Palestine. I am proud of the deep friendship and bilateral relations between the two countries, and I am firmly convinced that the Chinese support for Palestine will continue as the Palestinian people continue to fight this epidemic."

Palestinian Minister of Health Mai Kila, who was present to receive the shipment of aid, expressed her deep thanks to the Chinese people, and stressed that these medical supplies are not available in the domestic and regional markets and therefore being provided with them is of great importance.

"Ever since its takeoff, the Palestinian revolution has had special relations with the People's Republic of China. China had provided great assistance to the Palestinian revolution at that time in all fields. Also, they are also helping us as we are establishing our Palestinian state on the soil of our Palestinian territory. Most importantly, China always stands with Palestine in international forums and votes for Palestine, this is really what has had a positive impact on the Palestinian presence in international forums."

The Palestinian territories have been in a state of emergency since the first cases of COVID-19 were reported on March 5 due to the weakness of the local health sector and the lack of medical equipment, with only 120 ventilators available in hospitals and medical centers in the Palestinian Authority (West Bank and Gaza) to serve more than five million residents, according to data from the Palestinian Ministry of Health.

The Ministry of Health in the Gaza Strip, which suffers from a severe shortage of medical supplies and the access of screening strips, announced the completion of two quarantine centers north and south of the Gaza Strip to accommodate 1,000 cases. Nevertheless, the shortage of medical equipment and respirators hinders the completion of the two projects and prevents Palestinians from raising the readiness of the health sector, while medical devices and supplies donated by the Chinese government to the Palestinians are expected to be a cornerstone in supporting the centers of medical isolation and providing hospitals with the necessary equipment and medicines.

Chinese Anti-epidemic Medical Expert Team to Palestine Meets with officials of UNRWA

China-Palestine Relations — Chinese Anti-epidemic Medical Expert Team to Palestine Meets with officials of UNRWA

Chinese Anti-epidemic Medical Expert Team to Palestine Meets with officials of UNRWA

Article 2 of 13

Office of the People's Republic of China to the State of Palestine

Originally published at https://ps.china-office.gov.cn/eng/zxxx/202007/t20200701_6042248.htm

Chinese Anti-epidemic Medical Expert Team to Palestine Meets with officials of UNRWA

2020-07-01 22:25

On June 15, China’s anti-epidemic medical expert team met with officials of United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) and inspected the Um Ali refugee camp clinic.

Khaled Al-Rai, head of the UNRWA's preventive medical services, welcomed the team's visit to Palestine and spoke highly of China's achievements in epidemic prevention and control, saying that as a large country with a population of 1.4 billion, it was not easy and admirable for China to control the epidemic in a short period of time. He expressed appreciation for China's important role in international cooperation against Covid-19, sharing information and experience in epidemic response with the rest of the world as soon as possible, and donating supplies and sending expert teams to countries including Palestine, demonstrating China's responsibility as a major country in global public health. Rai gave a detailed introduction to the history of UNRWA, work in Palestine, achievements and difficulties it faced, and asked questions of the expert team on China's experience in fighting Covid-19, the current situation of the epidemic response in China, the mutation of the virus, the principles of nucleic acid testing and the development of vaccines in China.

Hu Peng, head of the expert team, said that the UNRWA, as the main international organization providing assistance to Palestinian refugees, has played a key role in helping Palestine fight the epidemic. The clinics established by the UNRWA have achieved good results by establishing electronic archives and medical records systems, setting up epidemic consultation helplines, and the promotion of Covid-19 protection knowledge to the public in the context of Palestinian culture have been effective. Hu Peng introduced the work of the expert team to Palestine, and positively evaluated the achievements of the Palestinian government in the fight against Covid-19. He hoped that China and Palestine will establish a long-term medical cooperation mechanism and contribute to international cooperation against epidemic diseases.

The expert team also visited the UNRWA’s clinics and community centres in Um Ali refugee camp.

China to Send $1 Million In Cash to Gaza After Ceasefire With Israel

China-Palestine Relations — China to Send $1 Million In Cash to Gaza After Ceasefire With Israel

China to Send $1 Million In Cash to Gaza After Ceasefire With Israel

Article 3 of 13

Newsweek

By Jenni Fink

Originally published at https://www.newsweek.com/china-send-1-million-cash-gaza-after-ceasefire-israel-1593686

Published

May 21, 2021 at 10:39 AM EDT

China is prepared to send more than $2 million to Gaza to help a relief effort for the Palestinian people in the wake of two weeks of violence between Hamas and Israel.

Israel and Hamas agreed to a ceasefire on Thursday after the area saw its worst violence in years. Hundreds of people, mostly Palestinians, were killed in the conflict that drew in the global community and China, as the head of the United Nations Security Council, joined the chorus of countries calling for Israeli restraint.

With the bombardment of rockets and airstrikes at least temporarily over, China said a "grave humanitarian situation" has been left in the Gaza Strip. The country will send $1 million in cash to Gaza, which China foreign ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian called "emergency humanitarian assistance."

In addition to the cash, Zhao said China is offering $1 million worth of donations and 200,000 doses of COVID-19 vaccines to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East.

"[China will] continue to provide humanitarian supplies to the best of its ability in light of Palestine's needs, and take an active part in the reconstruction of Gaza," Zhao said.

China spearheaded the Security Council's push to issue a unified statement calling for a ceasefire and criticized the United States for putting the kibosh on the effort. Israel is one of America's closest allies and throughout the conflict, U.S. officials walked the line between calling for an end to the violence and condemning its ally.

Biden administration officials and the president himself backed Israel's right to defend itself while calling for the country to carefully consider its actions.

The international pressure appeared to do little to alter Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's view of the situation as he stood firm in Israel's actions. Citing the threat Hamas poses to both Israelis and Palestinians, he said a ceasefire wouldn't come until Israel concluded its goal of degrading the terrorist organization's capabilities.

After news broke of the ceasefire, Biden reaffirmed America's commitment to preserving the Iron Dome, a defense system that's credited with saving Israeli lives. While America will help to provide humanitarian aid to people in Gaza, Biden said it would only work with the Palestinian Authority in a manner that doesn't allow Hamas to "simply restock its military arsenal."

"I believe the Palestinians and Israelis equally deserve to live safely and securely and to enjoy equal measures of freedom, prosperity, and democracy," Biden said. "My administration will continue our quiet and relentless diplomacy toward that end. I believe we have a genuine opportunity to make progress, and I'm committed to working for it."

That "quiet" diplomacy came under criticism from Zhao, who pushed the United States on Friday to take a "just position" and support the Security Council to promote "the settlement of the Palestinian question."

China's mediation role between Israel and Palestine

China-Palestine Relations — China's mediation role between Israel and Palestine

China's mediation role between Israel and Palestine

Article 4 of 13

Daily Sabah

By Abdurrahim Sağır

Originally published at https://www.dailysabah.com/opinion/op-ed/chinas-mediation-role-between-israel-and-palestine

China’s economic and diplomatic activities across the Middle East have been increasing significantly in the last decade. Still, China’s economic engagement with the region receives most of the attention, which is logical.

Currently, China is the largest trade partner of 11 Middle Eastern states, as well as the largest customer of the region’s natural resources.

In 2016, China became the largest investor in the region with investments worth $28.5 billion. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), on the other hand, has become a magnet for regional governments that are looking forward to diversifying their economic structure.

All of these economic developments are highly significant for regional economic governance, but the changing nature of Chinese diplomacy toward the region is just as significant and should not be overshadowed by the economic dimension.

Chinese diplomacy remained passive and reactionary to regional developments in the Middle East for decades and resulted in some labeling it as a “free rider.”

But the new foreign policy framework strategy entitled “Major Country Diplomacy” adopted at the 18th Party Congress in 2012 suggested a gradual but clear break from a strategy of "keeping a low profile."

From this turning point onward, Chinese foreign policy has been in a transition period with implications reaching from Latin America to Southeast Asia.

Changing perspective

In the midst of this transition, Beijing issued China’s first-ever white paper with regards to the Middle East in 2016. China's “Arab Policy Paper” with loads of references to political and security affairs of the Middle East was broadly interpreted by scholars as an enhancement of the status of the Middle East in Chinese diplomacy.

Along with the official line, we observe that Chinese strategic thinking on the Middle East has also evolved. Once being described as “highly complicated and chaotic,” “murky waters” or a “swamp” by Chinese scholars, the region was recently referred to in Chinese literature as “an important stage for China to carry out 'Major Country Diplomacy,” “a key region in terms of reflecting global power shifts” and “a strategic fulcrum that China must rely on” as well as other similar phrases.

Today an increasing number of Chinese and non-Chinese scholars point to the Middle East's peripheral position to Chinese national interests beginning to change to incorporate geopolitical and strategic interests.

Along with other diplomatic initiatives such as establishing strategic partnerships across the region and strengthening regional multilateralism efforts, Beijing has also been keen on serving as a mediator in the region as a “responsible major power,” which is also an implication of the Major Country Diplomacy framework.

In this direction, former Chinese ambassador to Turkey, Yao Kuangyi, pointed out in 2014 that China is changing its “passive and reactive diplomatic posture” and showing initial – albeit small – signs of deepening its political and security involvement in the Middle East.

This increasing involvement in large part stems from Beijing’s desire to play a greater role in global governance.

The ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, as professor Sun Degang wrote, “have provided Beijing with a significant opportunity to enhance its status as a world power through conflict resolution.”

In this context, in recent years we have been witnessing the gradual integration of China to the security governance of the Middle East.

China has been appointing successive special peace envoys to the region since 2002. In addition, high-level visits, hosting diplomacy activities and promoting peace talks between the conflicting parties have emerged as a means of China’s mediation activities.

Beijing, which kept a distance from regional conflicts for decades, has also initiated several diplomatic proposals for the settlement of the Palestine issue, the Syrian civil war and the Yemen crisis.

And lastly, during his Middle East tour in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic in March 2021, China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi announced a five-point proposal for peace and stability in the Middle East.

The Israel-Palestine conflict

Since the revolutionary times of Mao Zedong, the founder of the People's Republic of China, China has been a supporter of the Palestinian people’s struggle. Beijing’s support for the Palestinian resistance varied from financial support to material support, including arms supplies.

Noticeably, as a demonstration of its solidarity, Beijing refused to recognize the state of Israel until 1992. However, since the establishment of bilateral ties, China’s relations with Israel developed very rapidly on the foundation of arms sales and military technology transfer.

Through Israel, Beijing has been able to purchase strategic military technology that Washington refused to sell to a communist regime.

This cooperation culminated in the establishment of an “innovative comprehensive partnership” in 2017. In parallel with these developments, China’s policy shifted to a more pragmatic stance on the Israel-Palestine issue.

Although Beijing still criticizes Israel’s continuous occupation of Palestine and advocates for the two-state solution, China's material and political support for Palestine has been gradually reduced.

During the last decade, we have witnessed Beijing’s intention and growing desire to play a mediator role in the conflict. In May 2013, during Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas’s visit, China's President Xi Jinping introduced a four-point proposal for the settlement of the Palestinian question.

In the following year, Wang announced a five-point proposal on a cease-fire in Gaza. And most recently at the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) meeting regarding the recent Israeli attacks on Gaza, Wang made a call to both sides for peace talks in China.

Considering Beijing’s longstanding commitment to nonintervention in regional conflicts, these diplomatic initiatives are important for grasping the transition of Chinese strategic thinking toward the Middle East.

That being said, it is difficult to point out any practical outcomes of these initiatives. As Yonan Evrom, an Israeli scholar focusing on China-Middle East relations, underlines “China has taken no practical steps against Israel beyond supporting U.N. resolutions in favor of the Palestinian side.”

This outcome could be attributed to several shortcomings of Chinese initiatives such as lack of operative steps, a clear schedule and coercive measures (such as imposing sanctions).

Mutual benefit

Interestingly, the inefficiency of Chinese initiatives seems to be creating a favorable environment for China.

While Beijing enjoys a certain popularity among Arab countries for being a "firm supporter of the Palestine struggle" by keeping limited support at the rhetorical level and in U.N. resolutions, Beijing has been able to maintain its technology-based cooperation with a partner that has provided itself with strategic military weapons.

Wang’s speech at the UNSC meeting on the recent Israeli aggression is an indication of Beijing’s desire to be a part of "the solution."

After emphasizing China’s intensified efforts for promoting peace talks, he stated that “we reiterate the invitation to peacemakers from Palestine and Israel to hold a dialogue in China, and welcome negotiators from the two countries to hold direct talks in China.”

But like prior Chinese diplomatic initiatives, this proposal was not followed by concrete action at the time of writing this article.

If we need to make a projection about the future, this trend is not likely to change for a considerable time.

Considering China’s increasing appetite for Israeli high-tech and innovations on the one hand and the recent rapprochement between Gulf countries and Israel on the other, there are no sufficient incentives for Beijing to risk its relations with Israel, while its rhetorical – and limited political – support for Palestine provides sufficient space for Chinese diplomacy.

China’s Xi Jinping backs ‘just cause’ of Palestinian statehood

China-Palestine Relations — China’s Xi Jinping backs ‘just cause’ of Palestinian statehood

China’s Xi Jinping backs ‘just cause’ of Palestinian statehood

Article 5 of 13

Al Jazeera

Originally published at https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/14/chinas-xi-jinping-backs-just-cause-of-palestinian-statehood

Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas’s visit to Beijing comes as China stakes out a greater role in the Middle East to counter US influence.

President Xi Jinping says China backs the Palestinian struggle for statehood as Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas arrived for a three-day visit.

The Palestinian leader was welcomed with full military honours at the Great Hall of the People on Wednesday in Beijing.

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“We are good friends and partners,” Xi told Abbas at the start of their meeting. “We have always firmly supported the just cause of the Palestinian people to restore their legitimate national rights.”

Xi made the comments as China stakes out a greater role in the Middle East to edge out the United States’s influence there while seeking to facilitate Israeli-Palestinian peace talks.

A solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict lies in the establishment of an “independent Palestinian state based on the 1967 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital”, Xi was quoted as saying by Chinese state media – reiterating a 1967 UN Security Council resolution that Israel rejects.

Abbas said his administration was “looking forward to strengthening cooperation with China” and securing investment.

“We especially appreciate the Chinese side’s commitment to financing a number of development projects presented by Palestine. We wish the speedy dispatch of technical delegations to implement these projects,” Abbas said.

‘Just and durable solution’

Xi called China’s “strategic partnership” with Palestine an “important milestone in the history of bilateral relations”.

Beijing has long maintained diplomatic ties with the Palestinian Authority and since Abbas’s last visit in 2017 has talked up its ability to mediate the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Israeli-Palestinian peace negotiations have been stalled since 2014.

Beijing has sought to bolster its influence in the Middle East, helping broker a rapprochement between Saudi Arabia and Iran in March, while challenging longstanding American sway in the region.

Xi travelled to Saudi Arabia in December for the first China-Arab States Summit. He also met Abbas and promised to “work for an early, just and durable solution to the Palestinian issue”.

Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi, meanwhile, was in Beijing in February – the first Iranian leader to visit China in 30 years.

China’s Stance on the Palestine-Israel Issue from History to Present

China-Palestine Relations — China’s Stance on the Palestine-Israel Issue from History to Present

China’s Stance on the Palestine-Israel Issue from History to Present

Article 6 of 13

Sino Turkish Studies

By İbrahim Orçun Göktürk

Originally published at https://sinoturkishstudies.com/en/world/west-asia/chinas-stance-on-the-palestine-israel-issue-from-history-to-present/

For over 70 years, a Zionist organization shaped by the ideology of “promised land,” far beyond being a mere human tragedy, has been conducting ongoing occupations and massacres. On the morning of October 8th, Palestinians defending their homeland responded with “Operation Al-Aqsa Flood.” The supposedly impregnable Iron Dome was breached, and a nation asserting its right to legitimate resistance became a beacon of hope not only for Palestinians but for all oppressed nations worldwide.

While Western media outlets continue to describe the event with terms like “Shocking attack,” “The end of Netanyahu’s political career,” “Collapse of the US’s Israel policy,” “Major intelligence failure,” “The end of arrogance and overconfidence,” this article aims to explore the People’s Republic of China’s perspective on the Palestine issue throughout history and the impact of China’s active foreign policy changes, especially in West Asia.

IS PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE WITH ISRAEL POSSIBLE?

In December 1953, Zhou Enlai, a key figure of the Chinese revolution and then Prime Minister of China, presented the “Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence” to the world after meeting with his counterparts from India. Initially intended for bilateral relations between China and India, these principles attracted the interest of oppressed nations and were adopted at the Asian-African Conference held in Bandung, Indonesia, in 1955, leading to the Non-Aligned Movement. Thus, the five principles proposed by Zhou Enlai and China became significant norms that, except for a handful of imperialists, the majority of the world’s population embraced as the foundation of new international relations. Consequently, in 1970, the United Nations General Assembly was compelled to adopt the “Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States.”

The search for a more equal and just world for the oppressed nations entered a new phase in the 21st century, particularly with the rise of Asian countries, including China. Although we will not delve into the origins and problems created by the state established by Israel through occupation of Palestinian lands with the intervention of the UN after World War II, the pressing question remains: How possible is it to live in peace with a structure that has been a “state” of massacre ideology for decades?

THE PALESTINE LIBERATION ORGANIZATION AND CHINA

Regarding the Israel-Palestine issue, China stood as one of the foremost defenders of the Palestinian cause until the 1980s. China was the first non-Arab foreign country to send an official invitation to the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and recognize it as the sole and legitimate representative of the Palestinian people, granting it all diplomatic privileges accorded to foreign embassies in Beijing, thereby helping to strengthen the organization’s international stance. Western media of the time even claimed that the PLO received ideological and military training during Mao’s era.¹

Representatives of the PLO and Fatah met with Chinese officials several times from the 1960s to the early 2000s, with Yasser Arafat visiting China 14 times between 1964 and 2001. The Peking Review frequently published articles by PLO and Fatah leadership, where Arafat described China as having the most significant impact in supporting and strengthening their revolution.²

It’s worth noting that the PLO opened a liaison office in Beijing during this period.

MAO: ISRAEL AND TAIWAN WERE CREATED AGAINST US

During a 1965 visit by the PLO, Mao Zedong famously stated, “Imperialism is afraid of China and the Arabs. Israel and Formosa [Taiwan] are imperialism’s bases in Asia. You are the front door of this great continent, and we are the back door. They created Israel for you and Formosa for us. The West does not like us, and we must understand this reality. The Arabs’ fight against the West is a fight against Israel.”³

Even amidst increasing tensions between the USSR and China in the 1970s, China’s support for Palestine continued. For example, in 1976, during a UN session on the “Palestine Problem,” China’s first permanent representative to the UN, Huang Hua, emphasized China’s unwavering support for Palestine and other Arab peoples in their just struggle to regain their national rights and recover lost territories, firmly condemning Zionist aggression by Israel and opposing superpower conflicts and expansions in the Middle East.⁴

This support was also evident among the Chinese people, with Palestine Solidarity Day demonstrations starting on May 15, 1965, and continuing annually until 1971. Following the deaths of Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai in the late 1970s, China shifted its policy, adopting a more moderate stance towards Israel. International developments such as Egyptian President Anwar Sadat’s visit to Israel in 1977, the Fez Plan, the Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty, and the Madrid Conference influenced China’s change in position. In 1989, China made its first direct international intervention in a conflict in West Asia by considering both sides of the Palestine-Israel issue. This year marked China’s proposal of a five-point peace plan for the Palestine-Israel issue. However, full diplomatic relations between China and Israel were not established until 1992. Following this, the two countries opened embassies and developed technological and economic relations, particularly in defense.

THE NEW INTERNATIONAL ORDER AND PALESTINE

The US’s 2022 National Security Strategy describes China as the only state with the intent and the economic, diplomatic, military, and technological power to change the international order.⁵

Despite China’s post-Mao strategy of focusing on economic development while avoiding confrontation, recent geopolitical shifts and the US’s increasingly hostile stance towards China remind China of the necessity imposed by history. For instance, after the US withdrew from Afghanistan in 2021, Taliban officials were hosted in Beijing’s Great Hall of the People. Leaders from Iran and Saudi Arabia met with Xi Jinping, and their foreign ministers convened in Beijing to resume diplomatic relations suspended for seven years. In the West’s view, China’s stance on the Russia-Ukraine issue has been that of providing economic and diplomatic refuge to Russia and avoiding condemnation, creating problems. China’s 12-point proposal to end the war in Ukraine was criticized by Ukraine and the West for allegedly granting territorial gains to Russia. Xi Jinping’s “Great Power Diplomacy” and the Belt and Road Initiative have undeniably influenced these developments. During Mahmoud Abbas’s visit to Beijing in 2017 and again in June 2023, Xi reiterated China’s support for the establishment of an independent Palestinian state within the 1967 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital and a two-state solution, along with the cessation of new settlement constructions by Israel as per UN Resolution 2334 and the prompt resumption of peace talks.⁶

Moreover, China has been trying to encourage Israel and Palestine to end their conflict by participating together in the Belt and Road Initiative’s development model. However, convincing the Zionist regime in Israel to make peace does not compare to bringing Iran and Saudi Arabia together. Recent developments have likely led Chinese policymakers to realize this, as the Chinese Foreign Ministry did not unilaterally condemn HAMAS on Monday, contrary to Western expectations, and stated that the solution lies in establishing an independent Palestine.⁷

We are in an era where US hegemony is declining, and the world is moving towards a multipolar structure. Yet, oppressed nations still face a long and challenging path ahead. The Palestine issue, especially in West Asia and in global geopolitics, will find its resolution in the struggle against the Zionist regime. The rising world must understand, as Mao said, that the loss of Israel’s power in the region will not only benefit the Palestinians but will also strengthen Eurasian forces from the Eastern Mediterranean to the South China Sea. The US is aware of this and hence deploys aircraft carriers to the region. Ukraine has declared full support for Israel, and Israeli flags have been raised on public buildings by the Kiev regime. The anti-China separatist administration in Taiwan has also sided with Israel, condemning HAMAS.⁸

The warships the US sends to the region threaten not only Palestine but also developing countries from the Eastern Mediterranean through the Strait of Hormuz to the South China Sea. The developing world must respond collectively to this common threat.

https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2019-08-04/ty-article-magazine/.premium/how-china-became-the-palestinians-biggest-ally-in-the-1960s/0000017f-f8f1-d2d5-a9ff-f8fd50cc0000

Harris, L. C. (1977). China’s Relations with the PLO. Journal of Palestine Studies, 7(1), 123–154.

Arab World (Beirut), “Mao Tse-tung Urges Arabs Boycott West,” April 6, 1965.

https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-181423/

https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Biden-Harris-Administrations-National-Security-Strategy-10.2022.pdf

https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjdt_665385/wshd_665389/202306/t20230618_11099414.html

https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/xwfw_665399/s2510_665401/202310/t20231008_11157299.html

https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2023/10/09/2003807416

China’s Narrative Places Blame of Israel Conflict on U.S. and West: ISW

China-Palestine Relations — China’s Narrative Places Blame of Israel Conflict on U.S. and West: ISW

China’s Narrative Places Blame of Israel Conflict on U.S. and West: ISW

Article 7 of 13

Newsweek

By Aila Slisco

Originally published at https://www.newsweek.com/chinas-narrative-places-blame-israel-conflict-us-west-isw-1834691

The Chinese government is attempting to frame the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in a way that faults the U.S. and its Western allies, according to the Institute for the Study of War (ISW).

Gaza-based Islamist militant group Hamas last Saturday launched a surprise attack that was the deadliest Palestinian militant assault on Israel in history. Israel subsequently launched its heaviest and deadliest airstrikes ever on Gaza.

As of Friday, at least 1,300 people had been killed in Israel, the Associated Press (AP) reported, citing the Israeli government. Over 1,800 had been killed in Gaza, according to authorities there, AP said.

China has faced criticism for refusing to condemn Hamas. The U.S. and most of its Western allies have strongly denounced the militant group while firmly supporting the Israeli government.

A report released on Friday by ISW, a U.S-based think tank, says that China has accused the U.S. and its European allies of offering "biased" support for Israel, calling it an attempt to "delegitimize the United States as a responsible regional actor."

An article published Wednesday in the Global Times, an English-language publication controlled by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), argues that "one-sided support for Israel" by the U.S. is "unjust and unreasonable to Palestine."

"This narrative places the blame for the current instability in the Middle East on the West," the ISW report says. "This aligns with the CCP's messaging during Russia's ongoing invasion of Ukraine which blamed the United States and NATO expansion for instigating the crisis."

ISW went on to criticize the Chinese government for pushing "a two-state solution amid the war," arguing that the CCP was "portraying itself as an ostensible neutral broker" and that there were "similarities in CCP-propagated narratives between Ukraine and Israel."

In response to a request for comment, the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Washington, D.C., pointed Newsweek to a Friday press conference by Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin.

Wang argued that "China has always been on the side of equity and justice" in response to a question on the U.S. being "disappointed" in China's remarks on the conflict in Israel.

"We oppose acts that harm civilians and violate international law," said Wang. "We are committed to promoting peace talks and achieving a ceasefire and will continue to work for deescalation and resumption of peace talks."

"In viewing and handling our relations with the U.S., we have always observed the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation proposed by President Xi Jinping," he added.

As the Palestinian and Israeli death tolls mount, President Joe Biden's government and many of its Western allies have been unequivocal in offering support for Israel and condemnation for Hamas, Hezbollah and the other Islamist militant groups fighting the Middle Eastern country.

White House Press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre said that there were "not two sides" to the conflict during a press conference earlier this week, while condemning what she said were "repugnant" suggestions that the U.S. should not fund Israel's war effort by members of the group of progressive lawmakers known as "The Squad," such as Representatives Ilhan Omar and Rashida Tlaib.

Some Squad members have suggested that Israel is poised to violate international law and commit a war crime in retaliation for the Hamas attack. Representative Cori Bush expressed concerns in a Friday post to X, formerly Twitter, over Israel's order for 1.1 million Palestinians to evacuate northern Gaza within 24 hours, calling it an "impossible task."

How Chinese Maoism Intellectually Shaped Modern Palestinian Jihadism

China-Palestine Relations — How Chinese Maoism Intellectually Shaped Modern Palestinian Jihadism

How Chinese Maoism Intellectually Shaped Modern Palestinian Jihadism

Article 8 of 13

The Diplomat

By Benjamin R Young

Originally published at https://thediplomat.com/2024/05/how-chinese-maoism-intellectually-shaped-modern-palestinian-jihadism/

Contemporary China no longer adheres to Mao Zedong’s ideas of permanent revolution and socialist internationalism. However, Chinese Maoism shaped the Palestinian national movement with a military strategy of protracted guerrilla warfare and an anti-colonial vernacular that combines elements of revolutionary nationalism, anti-Western fervor, and rugged populism. 

Mao’s China has had a profound and lasting ideological impact on the Palestinian national movement. 

Although the Chinese government has long since renounced the worst excesses of the Maoist period, the influence of Maoist ideology can still be felt in the modern-day Palestinian jihadist movement. By portraying themselves as noble defenders of their homeland and virtuous anti-colonial rebels, Palestinian militants have taken a page out of Mao’s Little Red Book and have identified the enemy’s civilian population as ripe for propaganda and disinformation. 

China’s ties to the Palestinian cause stretch back to the early days of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). Founded in 1964, the PLO recognized that Maoist China played an important role in the global resistance front against Western imperialism and colonialism. In fact, Maoist China was the first non-Arab government to officially recognize the PLO. 

In 1965, a delegation from the PLO visited China for the first time and met with the “Great Helmsman” himself, Mao Zedong. The Chinese leader sympathized with the Palestinian resistance movement and compared Israel to Taiwan. At a meeting with the PLO delegates in Beijing, Mao said, “Imperialism is afraid of China and of the Arabs. Israel and Formosa [Taiwan] are bases of imperialism in Asia. You are the gate of the great continent and we are the rear. They created Israel for you, and Formosa for us. Their goal is the same.” 

Through tenuous historical parallels, Mao drew analogies between the Palestinian liberation struggle and his own experiences during the Chinese Civil War. During the 1960s and 1970s, Chinese state media drew inaccurate comparisons between the Chinese revolution and the Palestinian situation. For instance, the Peking Review falsely attempted to portray urbanized Palestine as a land ripe for rural subversion and Maoist-style guerrilla warfare. The busy streets of Gaza and the West Bank were awkward parallels to the rugged backwoods and mountains that Mao fought in during the 1930s. All political movements and events were interpreted through a Maoist lens during the 1960s and 1970s in China, even if it was not helpful to a fraternal anti-colonial movement. 

In addition to rhetorical support, Mao also assisted Palestinian militants with a large number of weapons and ammunition. During the 1960s, Beijing sent rifles, grenades, gunpowder, mines, and other explosives to the PLO. In 1970, PLO leader Yasser Arafat said that China was the “biggest influence in supporting our revolution and strengthening its perseverance.” Perhaps even more critically than the weapons, Maoist China gave the PLO a politico-military strategy that consolidated internal political power as well as made them a more effective fighting force in asymmetric conflicts.

After the disastrous 1967 Arab-Israeli War, Palestinian leadership no longer felt that their movement could be led by Arab states. At the same time, many Palestinian militants began to embrace Marxism-Leninism and the ideas of revolutionary socialism. They believed that Palestinians needed to be the torchbearers of their own liberation struggle and that revolutionary socialism, particularly of the non-European variety, filled a void in their ideological constellation of Palestinian statehood and anti-Zionism. 

Much like Mao himself, some within the PLO believed that armed struggle was the only path to liberation as well as believing that learning from the masses was vital for carrying out the revolution. In 1968, the Palestinian national charter was revised and included with the Maoist-style statement, “Armed struggle is the only way to liberate Palestine. This is the overall strategy, not merely a tactical phase.”

After the Arab defeat in 1967, Marxist-Leninist organizations, such as the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) and Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP), sprang up and took the mantle of Palestinian socialism. These groups adopted Mao’s strategy of a “people’s war.” George Habash, the founding leader of the PFLP, said, “Our best friend, in fact, is China.”

This belief in Mao’s strategy of “people’s war” and the “mass line” splintered the largest PLO faction, Fatah, in the 1970s. The Maoist-oriented Fatah supporters, largely located in Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon, believed that China was now the leading supporter of the world’s oppressed peoples and that Beijing was the capital of world revolution. As a large non-White nation with a fervently anti-imperialist leadership, Mao’s unique brand of communism appealed to many in the decolonizing world. With the end of Nasserism in Egypt, Arab nationalism had reached its end and receded into the ideological backdrop of Middle Eastern affairs. During the 1970s, Maoism became a leading ideological framework for the fractured Palestinian cause and an important part of the Palestinian political milieu.

It was not the death of Mao in 1976 alone that caused the decline of Maoism within the Palestinian national movement. Instead, the 1979 Iranian Revolution became a new source of inspiration and instilled a reinvigorated sense of Islamist militancy within the Middle East. Ayatollah Khomeini identified Islam as a revolutionary tool and argued that Muslims did not need to look to foreign ideologies, such as Maoism, for hope and guidance. Although predominantly Shi’ite, the Islamic Republic of Iran became an ideological lodestar for many in the Palestinian national movement. Moreover, the Iranian Revolution reintroduced the concept of jihad into the Palestinian national movement. 

This jihadist idea of a holy war merged well with Maoist ideas of armed struggle and righteous justice. The framing of a cosmic battle between the believers and the infidels, so integral to the jihadist mindset, bears uncanny parallels to the Manichaean “revolutionary versus reactionary” mentality that permeated Mao’s China. Moreover, Maoism’s insistence on learning from the people and its grassroots populism eased this conversion to Islamic fundamentalism for some Palestinian militants and sympathizers. 

As Palestinian supporter and Lebanese playwright Roger Assaf put it, “The passage to Islam was a putting into practice of Maoist principles. I went into Islam, like some go to the factory. But here in Lebanon, no one goes to the factory. There are no factories, or so few of them.” Instead of relying on an ideology from a non-Muslim country on the other side of Asia, the revolutionary tool of Islam could be found right in front of them in the mosques of the Middle East. 

As historian Manfred Sing explained, “In both Palestine and Lebanon, a number of Arab nationalists of the 1960s became Jihadists by the 1980s, either by way of Islamism or Maoism.”

Although Hamas emerged long after the Maoist era in China, Maoist influences can still be felt in the militant group’s ideology. For instance, Hamas’ total commitment to armed struggle and the elimination of Israel as a state bears striking resemblance to Maoist extremism. As a revolutionary purist, Mao believed that compromise was futile and that only absolute victory was desirable. Moreover, Hamas’ one-party rule and intolerance for political dissent within Gaza would make the Great Helmsman proud. Constant surveillance and vigilance for foreign agents and saboteurs characterized both Maoist China and Hamas-controlled Gaza. 

Mao understood that information warfare and propaganda was critical for strategic victory. A weaker guerrilla force could not defeat a more powerful conventional adversary on the battlefield. However, guerrillas can achieve a political victory through the media and information operations. In fact, North Vietnam’s General Vo Nguyen Giap, a loyal follower of Mao’s teachings and techniques, told Arafat to “stop talking about annihilating Israel and instead turn your terror war into a struggle for human rights. Then you will have the American people eating out of your hand.” 

Hamas has heeded this lesson. By presenting themselves as an anti-colonial resistance front and revolutionary organization (which many U.S college students seem to have bought into), Hamas has made the international community forget it is a jihadist terrorist organization committed to the total destruction of the Jewish people. 

Israel’s military response to the October 7, 2023, attacks has led to a clear shift in global opinion against Israel. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s bombing campaign in Gaza played into Hamas’ strategy of drawing international attention back to the Palestinian cause. While Hamas’ military capabilities are degraded, the terrorist organization remains operational and active. By striking civilian areas in Gaza, the Netanyahu administration has lost the broader strategic advantage. Although largely tactically defeated on the battlefield, Hamas has essentially maneuvered Israel into a no-win strategic situation. 

If he was still around today, Mao would be ecstatic to see the Middle East riled in so much chaos and violence. 

China condemns attacks on civilians in Gaza, opposes violating international law

China-Palestine Relations — China condemns attacks on civilians in Gaza, opposes violating international law

China condemns attacks on civilians in Gaza, opposes violating international law

Article 9 of 13

Anadolu Ajansi

By Berk Kutay Gökmen

Originally published at https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/china-condemns-attacks-on-civilians-in-gaza-opposes-violating-international-law/3637016

World

China condemns attacks on civilians in Gaza, opposes violating international law

Beijing opposes and condemns ‘all moves that harm civilians and violate international law,’ says Foreign Ministry spokesman Guo JiakunBerk Kutay Gökmen21 July 2025•Update: 21 July 2025

ISTANBUL

China on Monday condemned the Israeli attacks on civilians in Gaza, noting that Beijing stands against Tel Aviv’s violation of international law.

“We oppose and condemn all moves that harm civilians and violate international law,” Foreign Ministry spokesman Guo Jiakun told a news conference in Beijing.

“Civilians should not become the target of attacks and the safety of international humanitarian workers should not be threatened,” the spokesman added.

His remarks came after Israeli forces killed at least 93 Palestinians and injured more than 100 in attacks Sunday across the Gaza Strip, adding to the growing humanitarian crisis.

“We hope parties will reach a ceasefire arrangement, calm down the situation, and alleviate the humanitarian crisis as soon as possible,” he added.

Israel has killed nearly 59,000 Palestinians, most of them women and children, in the Gaza Strip since October 2023. The military campaign has devastated the enclave, collapsed the health system, and led to severe food shortages.

Last November, the International Criminal Court issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his former Defense Minister Yoav Gallant for war crimes and crimes against humanity in Gaza.

Israel also faces a genocide case at the International Court of Justice for its war on the enclave.

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Communist Party of China joins Liberation Movements Summit in South Africa

China-Palestine Relations — Communist Party of China joins Liberation Movements Summit in South Africa

Communist Party of China joins Liberation Movements Summit in South Africa

Article 10 of 13

Friends of Socialist China

Originally published at https://socialistchina.org/2025/08/01/communist-party-of-china-joins-liberation-movements-summit-in-south-africa/

The Communist Party of China (CPC) joined the Liberation Movements Summit that was hosted by the African National Congress (ANC) of South Africa in Johannesburg, between July 25-28, under the theme, ‘Defending the Liberation Gains, Advancing Integrated Socio-Economic Development, Strengthening Solidarity for a Better Africa.’

Besides the ANC, the core participants were the five other main liberation movements in the region – the Popular Liberation Movement of Angola (MPLA), the South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO) of Namibia, the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) and the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Revolutionary Party of Tanzania – CCM).

In a statement, the ANC said: “This critical gathering reaffirms the ideological foundations of the six Southern African liberation movements… and their historical role in securing independence, dignity and development across the region. It also seeks to reassert the relevance of these movements in a rapidly shifting global order.

“Southern Africa’s liberation movements transformed the region’s political landscape, resisting colonial rule and apartheid, and ushering in people-centred governance. Since independence, these movements have implemented landmark policies on land reform, education, housing, infrastructure and social protection.

“However, these gains now face erosion due to renewed imperial pressures, economic crises, and attempts at neo-colonial interference. The Summit provides a united platform to confront these threats and consolidate progressive regional responses grounded in Pan-Africanism, internationalism and multilateralism.

“The Summit is a strategic intervention in organisational renewal, deepening intra-party solidarity, and realignment of liberation movements with the socio-economic aspirations of a new generation. The ANC believes that the political, economic and cultural survival of Southern Africa’s liberation legacy demands honest introspection, shared learning and actionable unity.

“The Summit will advance frameworks for inter-party collaboration, regional integration, youth engagement, and sovereign resource governance. Through reaffirming shared values and strengthening alliances, the 2025 Liberation Movements Summit will chart a path forward, one that protects the gains of the past while building a just, inclusive and self-determined African future.”

Further details of the conference perspectives may be read here.

Besides these six movements, the POLISARIO Front of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) and the Palestinian National Liberation Movement Fatah were also represented at a senior level, along with the South African Communist Party (SACP), Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC) of Azania, the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the South African National Civics Organisation (SANCO).

The Communist Party of China was represented by Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the Party Central Committee (IDCPC).

Among other parties represented were United Russia, the Communist Party of Cuba, the National Liberation Front (FLN) of Algeria, the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) of Nicaragua, the Botswana National Front (BNF – the main component of the progressive ruling Umbrella for Democratic Change coalition), and the Botswana Democratic Party, while messages of greetings included that from the Communist Party of the Russian Federation.

In his keynote address, Cyril Ramaphosa, President of the ANC and of the Republic of South Africa, said:

“Together our movements were forged in the cauldrons of anti-apartheid and anti-colonial struggle. Today, together, we must be forged anew in the fire of a new struggle. The struggle for social and economic justice for our people, regional unity, integration and sovereignty in an increasingly hostile global order.

“We gather this year on the 64th anniversary of the independence of Tanzania, the 50th anniversary of the independence of Angola and Mozambique, the 45th anniversary of the independence of Zimbabwe, and the 35th anniversary of the independence of Namibia. It is a moment not just for celebration, but it is also a moment for critical reflection. We must honour the memories of our founding giants Julius Nyerere, Eduardo Mondlane, Samora Machel, Agostinho Neto, Sam Nujoma, Robert Mugabe, Joshua Nkomo, Kenneth Kaunda, Oliver Tambo, Nelson Mandela, and many others.

“Their vision, courage, boldness, bravery, as well as sacrifice laid the foundations of a free Southern Africa that we live in today. We remember with deep reverence the recently departed comrade Sam Nujoma and comrade Hage Geingob of Namibia, stalwarts of SWAPO, and lifelong warriors for justice, equality, and dignity. We also here in South Africa remember the recently departed David Dabede Mabuza, former President of the Republic of South Africa, and the African National Congress.”

In a consistent theme of the conference, representing the serious and self-critical approach increasingly being taken by the participating parties, he added:

“Most of our movements are having to contend with declining electoral support, shifting demographics, frustrated young people in our various countries, economic inequality, and foreign interference. These trends speak to a deeper crisis, the disconnect between our founding narratives and the lived realities of a new generation of young people. It is a generation that sees and appreciates less of our past victories and more of our present shortcomings.

“It is a generation that demands jobs, justice, dignity, housing, education, health, and security, and sees our movements as distant, rigid, and slow to adapt. This disconnect amongst the population emboldens the external attacks on our sovereignty, our independence, development, and security. In fact, there has been ample evidence that international actors use the legitimate grievances of our people to attack progressive governments.”

In another pressing and topical reference, he stated: “Although the African continent is not responsible for the warming of the planet, it is most vulnerable to its effect. That is neither just nor is it sustainable. Countries in the Global North developed on the back of Africa’s human capital, on the back of Africa’s natural resources, and cultural destruction.

“The price has been centuries of extraction, exploitation, and underdevelopment whose effects are still felt up to today. As Walter Rodney argued in ‘How Europe Underdeveloped Africa’, Europe was developed by means of the same underdevelopment of Africa. To meet present-day challenges, we require urgent, substantial, and sustainable solutions to Africa’s challenges…

“We must recognise that our political independence is incomplete without economic justice. It is incomplete without resolving the question of land. It is incomplete unless we industrialise, we beneficiate the minerals that are extracted from our land, and we create jobs for our youth.”

Referencing the internationalism that has always characterised the region’s liberation movements, he stated: “We must reject xenophobia in all its forms. Migration itself must not be seen as a threat. It is a consequence of underdevelopment, war, global inequality, not a moral failing of those who move in search of hope.

“As liberation movements, we must advocate for people-centred regional migration policies that affirm dignity, rights, and solidarity as well. We must never forget our freedom struggles were international in nature. Our freedom was achieved not only by the tireless struggles of our peoples but by the efforts of people from across the world.

“Drawing on that experience, we reaffirm our support for the peoples of Palestine, Western Sahara, and Cuba. We condemn in the strongest terms the crimes against humanity and the genocide committed by the apartheid state of Israel against the people of Palestine. We are particularly horrified by the deliberate starvation of the people of Gaza.

“We call on the state of Israel to allow food and essential aid to be allowed in and to be distributed amongst the starving Palestinians. We call for an immediate end to the relentless bombardment of civilians and the destruction of their homes, their hospitals, their places of worship. We call on the world to stop the murder of children and babies through starvation.

“Our position remains very clear. Liberation is indivisible. We are not truly free until all are free…

“We should champion the vision of a multipolar, multicultural, equitable, inclusive, and a just world order. We should demand reform of the political and economic global governance institutions and the end of unilateral sanctions and the creation of a just global governance system rooted in dignity and in fairness. Working with like-minded forces across the world, we must be the architects of the new world order that we seek.”

He concluded: “We need to reaffirm that there shall be peace and friendship, that there shall be houses and security and comfort for all as set out in our freedom charter adopted in 1955, 70 years ago here in South Africa. Let us not only defend the gains of liberation. We should build on what we have achieved, and we have achieved a great deal even as our detractors seek to downplay the achievements that were brought about by our liberation movements.

“Let us realise the hopes and the aspirations of our people as we move together in unison as liberation movements, seeking to achieve the objectives that were set out by our forebears when they established our movements to attain our independence and our freedom against apartheid and against colonialism. This is the hour and the moment that we need to regain our strength and move forward, renewed and reinvigorated.”

Introduced by ANC Secretary-General Fikile Mbalula, Comrade Liu Jianchao addressed the summit on its third day.

After extending the greetings and best wishes from General Secretary Xi Jinping and the 100 million CPC members, he said:

“Your forefathers led the brave and resilient African people out of the long dark night of colonialism and achieved national liberation. 31 years ago in 1994, as a UN observer, I had the privilege of witnessing the first non-racial democratic election in South Africa.

“After independence, leaders across African countries focused on achieving economic liberation and the revival of civilisations, taking yet another step towards modernisation. We are heartened to see that the once forgotten continent of Africa has transformed into a land of vitality and robust growth, becoming an important political, economic, and cultural pole of the world. As Comrade Nelson Mandela put it, we stand at the dawn of an African century.

“China has travelled a long and difficult path towards modernisation. Under the CPC’s leadership, what was once an impoverished agriculture nation has now become the second largest economy in the world. To realise modernisation, it is essential to have a strong political leadership able to lead and unite.

“There must be a correct direction, sensible goals, and the hard work of the entire people. China’s modernisation would not have been possible without the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China. The long-term governance of the CPC keeps Chinese modernisation on track, avoiding policy fluctuations and flip-flops.

“Under the CPC’s leadership, generations of the Chinese people have forged ahead, turning the grand blueprint into reality. To realise modernisation, it is essential to continuously meet people’s aspirations for a better life. The ultimate goal of modernisation is the free and well-rounded development of the individual.

“China will support Africa in cultivating the drivers of modernisation, namely green, balanced, and sustainable industrialisation, agricultural modernisation, and a skilled workforce to turn each resource, rich resources, and the demographic dividend into true growth engines. And China will support Africa in revitalising African civilisations and drawing strength from its splendid civilisation on the path to modernisation. As Comrade Nelson Mandela once said, the African rebirth is now more than an idea.

“Africa will embrace true liberation and full revitalisation in this century. China will join hands with Africa on the path towards civilisation for a better common future.”

The proceedings of the Summit’s third day may be viewed here.  Comrade Liu’s speech begins at 06.10 minutes.

Following his speech ANC Deputy Secretary-General Nomvula Mokonyane read the message from the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, which stated:

“We are proud that the Soviet Union, led by the Communist Party, had made a significant contribution to the support of the liberation struggle. Thousands of activists of your movements have received training in military schools and universities of the then Soviet Union. Our military officers worked in liberation movement camps in Africa.

“Soviet diplomats defended your just interests at the United Nations. We provided this support despite the fact that the West was trying to brand you as terrorists. Today, political power belongs to democratic governments that reflect the interests of the people.”

Liu Jianchao also held a number of bilateral meetings in the margins of the summit.

Meeting his host, Cyril Ramaphosa said South Africa regards China as its most important strategic partner and will continue to stand firmly with China to continuously strengthen and consolidate the South Africa-China all-round strategic cooperative partnership in the new era. The six Southern African liberation movements, including the ANC, maintain brotherly friendship with the CPC and regard the CPC as a political ally. The ANC hopes to further enhance exchanges with the CPC, learn from each other and jointly face international challenges.

Liu congratulated South Africa on the successful holding of the Liberation Movements Summit. China is willing to work with South Africa to implement the consensus reached by the two heads of state, strengthen bilateral and multilateral communication and coordination, promote unity and cooperation among developing countries, and jointly safeguard international fairness and justice and the interests of the Global South countries.

Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, President of SWAPO and of the Republic of Namibia, said the world is now in a period of turbulence and transformation, which has a profound impact on the development of both Africa and China. Since last year, the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) and the Ministerial Meeting of Coordinators on the Implementation of the Follow-up Actions of the FOCAC have been successfully held, pushing Africa-China cooperation to a new level. Namibia highly appreciates this. Namibia hopes to strengthen cooperation with China in areas such as agriculture, minerals, infrastructure, clean energy, trade and investment under the framework of the FOCAC, and promote common development and prosperity between Namibia and China as well as Africa and China. SWAPO values its long-term friendly relations with the CPC and is satisfied with the current progress of cooperation between the two Parties.

Liu said, China and Namibia are good brothers, good friends and good partners. China and Namibia are both important members of the Global South. China stands ready to strengthen coordination and cooperation with Namibia under the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, strengthen the unity and cooperation among the Global South countries, jointly respond to the complex evolution of the international situation, and better safeguard the common interests of developing countries.

He added that both the CPC and SWAPO shoulder the historical mission of achieving national development and prosperity. The CPC is willing to strengthen political dialogue and strategic communication with the six Southern African liberation movements, including SWAPO, enhance exchanges and mutual learning of experience in state governance and administration, deepen cooperation in areas such as party building and cadre training, and contribute to the development of bilateral relations and the cause of strengthening the two Parties and the two countries.

Emmerson Mnangagwa, President and First Secretary of the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) and Zimbabwean President said, the brotherly friendship between Zimbabwe and China has been tested over time. Zimbabwe remembers China’s firm support for its national liberation cause and thanks China for its long-term sincere assistance to Zimbabwe’s national development. Zimbabwe firmly supports the three global initiatives proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping and is willing to deepen economic and trade cooperation and local exchanges with China under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative and the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). ZANU-PF values its close relationship with the CPC and has benefited a lot from cooperation, such as cadre training and the construction of party schools.

Liu said, General Secretary Xi Jinping and President Emmerson Mnangagwa reached important consensus on building a high-level China-Zimbabwe community with a shared future and a “five-star ironclad” cooperation framework, providing new strategic guidance for the development of China-Zimbabwe relations. China supports Zimbabwe in safeguarding its sovereignty, security and development interests. China is willing to take the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries as an opportunity to implement the important consensus and summit outcomes reached by the two heads of state, deeply integrate the high-quality Belt and Road cooperation with Zimbabwe’s Vision 2030, and promote mutually beneficial cooperation in investment, trade, infrastructure, clean energy, digital economy and other fields to help Zimbabwe accelerate its modernisation process.

He added that the CPC and ZANU-PF are good comrades and brothers. The CPC is willing to enhance political dialogue between the two Parties, deepen exchanges of experience in state governance and administration, and strengthen cooperation in areas such as the construction of Party schools and cadre training to jointly improve governance capabilities.

Daniel Chapo, President of FRELIMO and President of Mozambique said, the friendship between Mozambique and China has a long history. Mozambique will always stand firmly with China and is willing to enhance bilateral and multilateral communication and coordination to jointly address the challenges brought about by the volatile international situation. He congratulated the CPC on its continuous growth and outstanding achievements in leading China’s development. He said that FRELIMO and the CPC are good brothers and partners, hoping to strengthen high-level exchanges with the CPC, and deeply learn from China’s experience in reform and development to help FRELIMO build itself into a stronger party, accelerate the country’s modernisation process, and continuously improve people’s living standards.

Liu said, the friendship between the CPC and FRELIMO is the political foundation and unique advantage of China-Mozambique relations. In the new situation, the CPC is willing to strengthen political dialogue with FRELIMO, deepen exchanges and cooperation in areas such as cadre training, enhance mutual understanding, and improve governance capabilities. Profound changes unseen in a century are accelerating in today’s world. China will continue to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with the six Southern African liberation movements, including FRELIMO, and other progressive forces around the world, join hands to resist risks, cope with challenges, and promote the common development of the Global South countries.

Meeting with Mara Quiosa, Vice President of the People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), Liu congratulated Angola on the 50th anniversary of its independence and said that China and Angola are good friends, good partners and good brothers sharing sincerity, real results, amity, and good faith. In recent years, President Xi Jinping and President Joao Lourenco have met many times, reaching important consensus on and charting the course for the development of China-Angola relations in the new era. China is willing to follow the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, deepen political mutual trust, strengthen the alignment of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation with the Angola 2050 strategy, and further explore the potential for mutually beneficial cooperation in key areas such as agriculture, infrastructure and mineral processing, to help Angola accelerate its independent development and bring more benefits to the people of both countries.

Quiosa said, Angola and China have enjoyed a long-standing friendship and close cooperation, with a solid and robust bilateral relationship. China is an important development partner of Angola. China has provided substantial assistance and support for Angola’s infrastructure development, and the in-depth cooperation between the two countries in agriculture, energy, water conservancy and other fields has effectively promoted Angola’s national development. The MPLA hopes to further deepen friendly relations with the CPC, increase personnel exchanges between the two Parties, strengthen exchanges of ideas and concepts and cooperation in cadre training, and promote greater development of bilateral relations.

Meeting with Mizengo Pinda, Member of the Central Committee of Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) and former Prime Minister of Tanzania, Liu said that the friendship between China and Tanzania is rooted in the fact that the older generation of leaders from the two countries shared weal and woe in the national liberation struggle, developed on the basis of mutual respect and trust in the pursuit of national rejuvenation, and grew stronger as both sides advanced together on the path of modernisation. It has become a fine example of unity and cooperation among developing countries in seeking common development. China supports Tanzania in exploring a development path that suits its national conditions, safeguarding its sovereignty, security and development interests.

He added that the CPC and the CCM share common ideals, enjoy deep friendship and maintain close cooperation. The CPC is willing to work with the CCM to implement the memorandum of understanding on exchanges and cooperation between the two Parties, enhance high-level exchanges and political dialogue, deepen exchanges of experience on governance issues of common concern such as poverty alleviation, anti-corruption and agricultural development, and continue to support the development of the Mwalimu Julius Nyerere Leadership School to jointly improve Party building of both sides and better serve their common cause of governance and national development.

Pinda said, the friendship between Tanzania and China has withstood the test of international vicissitudes and remains unbreakable. Tanzania admires China’s remarkable development achievements and is deeply grateful for China’s strong support in development. Tanzania hopes to accelerate the renovation and upgrading of the TAZARA Railway with China to help improve regional trade and logistics efficiency for Tanzania and its neighbouring countries. The CCM thanks the CPC for its support in the teaching and operation of the Mwalimu Julius Nyerere Leadership School and for helping the six Southern African liberation movements realise their development aspirations.

Meeting with Jibril Rajoub, Secretary General of the Fatah Central Committee of Palestine, Liu said, China highly values the traditional friendship between China and Palestine. No matter how the international situation changes, the two sides have always trusted and supported each other and are good friends, partners and brothers. The CPC attaches great importance to developing friendly relations with Fatah and is willing to deepen exchanges between the two Parties and promote the continuous development of the strategic partnership between China and Palestine.

China firmly supports the just cause of the Palestinian people to restore their legitimate national rights, support Palestine’s bid for full United Nations membership, and supports the immediate realisation of a sustained ceasefire in Gaza to effectively alleviate the humanitarian crisis. China is willing to work with the international community to continue to make unremitting efforts to promote an early, comprehensive, just and lasting settlement of the Palestinian question. China has always supported internal reconciliation in Palestine and believes that internal reconciliation in Palestine is an important step towards resolving the Palestinian question and achieving peace and stability in the Middle East. China sincerely hopes that Palestine will realise solidarity, unity and independent statehood at an early date.

Rajoub said, Fatah is proud of the deep friendship between Palestine and China and the long-term friendly cooperation with the CPC. He thanked China for its tremendous assistance to Palestine’s development over the years and its important contributions to promoting reconciliation among Palestinian factions, which has created positive conditions for Palestine to realise independent statehood and brought new hope to the Palestinian people.

Meeting with Fikile Mbalula, Secretary-General of the ANC, Liu said, since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Africa 27 years ago, the two countries have always respected and supported each other, treated each other as equals, and achieved win-win cooperation, setting a fine example of friendly exchanges and mutual assistance between China and African countries and Global South countries. President Xi Jinping and President Cyril Ramaphosa have met many times, elevating China-South Africa relations to an all-round strategic cooperative partnership in the new era and reaching important consensus on jointly building a high-level China-South Africa community with a shared future, leading China-South Africa relations into a “golden era”.

He added that the CPC and the ANC are good comrades and brothers. Under the new circumstances, the CPC is willing to implement the memorandum of understanding on exchanges and cooperation between the two Parties, further deepen the institutionalised exchanges with the ANC, enhance high-level exchanges and political dialogue, strengthen exchanges of experience in state governance and administration, promote practical cooperation between the two sides through inter-party channels, and provide a strong political guarantee for the continuous and healthy development of China-South Africa relations.

The Liberation Movements Summit held in South Africa this time has sent out a strong message of progressive forces joining hands and opposing external interference. The CPC is willing to work with the ANC to make good use of mechanisms such as the BRICS Political Parties Plus Dialogue, strengthen unity and cooperation among Global South countries, jointly resist risks and address common challenges, and work for a more just and equitable international order. 

Mbalula welcomed the CPC delegation led by Liu Jianchao for the Liberation Movements Summit. He said, South Africa appreciates the valuable support provided by China for South Africa’s national development over a long period of time. The ANC and the CPC have forged deep sentiments through long-term exchanges, effectively promoting the common development and prosperity of the two countries. The ANC hopes to strengthen exchanges with the CPC in areas such as ideological work and cadre training, and promote practical cooperation in trade, investment, and other fields, so as to deliver more tangible benefits to the two peoples.

Meeting with Gwen Ramokgopa, Treasurer-General of the ANC, Liu said, in the face of a complex and volatile international situation, it is more necessary for the political parties from the Global South countries, including the CPC and the Former Liberation Movements of Southern Africa, to strengthen unity and cooperation, jointly address global challenges, and promote the establishment of a more just and reasonable international order. The CPC values its friendly relations with the ANC and will continue to stand firmly with the ANC, implement the memorandum of understanding on exchanges and cooperation between the two Parties, deepen exchanges of experience in state governance and administration, and promote practical cooperation in agriculture, mining and real estate through the “political party +” channel to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results.

Ramokgopa said, the holding of the Liberation Movements Summit is conducive to uniting the progressive forces of the Global South, practicing true multilateralism, and maintaining international fairness and justice. South Africa firmly adheres to the one-China principle. The ANC attaches great importance to its brotherly relations with the CPC, appreciates the great development achievements made by the CPC in leading China and its positive contributions to promoting world development. The ANC hopes to further expand the depth and breadth of exchanges between the two Parties, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning in areas such as anti-corruption and state administration, enhance governance capabilities of both sides, and promote economic and trade investment cooperation between them through inter-party channels, so as to promote the common development of the two countries.

The next Liberation Movements Summit is due to be hosted by Tanzania’s CCM.

The following articles were originally published on the website of the IDCPC.

Liu Jianchao Attends and Addresses the Liberation Movements Summit

Johannesburg, July 27th (IDCPC) — Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC), attended and addressed here today the Liberation Movements Summit. The summit was hosted by the African National Congress (ANC) of South Africa, with the theme of “Defending the Liberation Gains, Advancing Integrated Socio-Economic Development, Strengthening Solidarity for a Better Africa”. Cyril Ramaphosa, President of the ANC and President of South Africa, Emmerson Mnangagwa, President and First Secretary of the Zimbabwe African National Union—Patriotic Front and Zimbabwean President, Daniel Chapo, President of FRELIMO and President of Mozambique, Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, President of the SWAPO Party and President of Namibia, Mizengo Pinda, Member of the Central Committee of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi and former Prime Minister of Tanzania, and Mara Quiosa, Vice President of the People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola, delivered speeches and interacted with the representatives present. Fikile Mbalula, Secretary-General of the ANC of South Africa, presided over the meeting. More than 200 representatives from the six Southern African liberation movements, other African political parties and organizations, as well as Palestine’s Fatah, attended the event.

Liu said, building a better Africa means achieving its modernization. Africa is home to the largest number of developing countries and an important part of the Global South. Without Africa’s modernization, there will be no modernization of the world. To achieve modernization, generations of Africans have made arduous explorations. We are glad to see that this once forgotten continent is increasingly becoming the land of hope and source of dynamism, and an important pole in the world’s political, economic and cultural development.

Like Africa, China has also long sought to achieve modernization. Under the leadership of the CPC, China has achieved national independence and people’s liberation, transforming a populous, poor and backward traditional agricultural country into the world’s second-largest economy and the largest manufacturing country, creating two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and successfully blazing a path of Chinese modernization.

To walk the path of modernization well, the key lies in having a political force that can lead and unite all the people, adhering to a people-centered approach, drawing wisdom and strength from the nation’s own civilization, and pursuing peaceful development and a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up.

Liu said, the successful practice of China’s modernization proves that modernization is not equal to Westernization, and the paths to modernization are diverse. Today, China and Africa face a world that is far from peaceful. China is willing to work with Africa to well implement the ten partnership actions for modernization proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, support African countries in independently exploring a modernization path that suits their national conditions, fostering the internal impetus for modernization and revitalizing indigenous civilizations, and contribute to building a better Africa.

Leaders of political parties from the participating countries said, under the new circumstances, African countries should enhance unity and cooperation, accelerate the process of regional economic and social integration, empower groups such as youth and women, promote social fairness and justice, and comprehensively improve the living standards of the people. The current international situation is undergoing complex and profound changes. Progressive forces should inherit and carry forward the spirit of the liberation movements, adhere to independence and autonomy, strengthen coordination and cooperation, oppose hegemonism, unilateralism, and neocolonialism, seek further development and improvement of multilateralism, promote world multipolarization, and jointly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the Global South countries.

Liu Jianchao Delivers a Speech at a Thematic Session of the Liberation Movements Summit

Johannesburg, July 26th (IDCPC) — Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC), attended and addressed here a thematic session during his leadership of a CPC delegation at the Liberation Movements Summit. Representatives from the six Southern African liberation movements, including African National Congress (ANC), the People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), the SWAPO Party of Namibia, the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) and the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM), as well as from Palestine’s Fatah and other political parties, attended the event.

Liu said, at present, the world is undergoing faster transformation unseen in a century, economic globalization is encountering headwinds, and international rules and order are being undermined. We also face problems such as unbalanced and inadequate economic and social development and the need to further improve governance capacity and governance level. We are confronted with new tests on how to deal with severe and complex internal and external risks and challenges, how to promote healthy and stable economic and social development, and how to consolidate our long-term governing position.

Liu said, over a long period of time, the CPC and the six Southern African liberation movements have helped and supported each other and fought side by side in the pursuit of independence and liberation and the realization of national rejuvenation, forging a deep bond of sharing weal and woe. As close friendly parties, the CPC and the six Southern African liberation movements should strengthen party building to ensure that the Party remains the core leadership in the process of promoting national modernization; adhere to independence and autonomy, and firmly hold the future and destiny of national development and progress in our own hands; put people first and take meeting the people’s aspiration for a better life as the goal of endeavors; and carry forward the spirit of struggle and resolutely safeguard ruling security and legitimate development rights and interests.

Liu said, the political dialogue between the CPC and the six Southern African liberation movements is of great significance, providing an important platform for the two sides to unite closely and jointly deal with various risks and challenges. In the face of current internal and external risks and challenges, the CPC is willing to stand firmly with the six Southern African liberation movements, continue to be good brothers supporting each other, good comrades learning from each other, good partners developing together, and good friends helping each other, and jointly address common challenges.

Representatives of the political parties had in-depth exchanges on topics such as “strengthening strategic cooperation to jointly counter new colonialism” and “strengthening regional stability and promoting integrated economic and social development”.

Cyril Ramaphosa, President of the ANC and President of South Africa, Meets with Liu Jianchao

Johannesburg, July 27th (IDCPC) — Cyril Ramaphosa, President of the African National Congress (ANC) and President of South Africa, met here today with Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee.

Ramaphosa said, the CPC delegation’s attendance at the Liberation Movements Summit was an important support for the summit and the African people. South Africa regards China as its most important strategic partner and will continue to stand firmly with China to continuously strengthen and consolidate the South Africa-China all-round strategic cooperative partnership in the new era. The six Southern African liberation movements, including the ANC, maintain brotherly friendship with the CPC and regard the CPC as a political ally. The ANC hopes to further enhance exchanges with the CPC, learn from each other and jointly face international challenges.

Liu congratulated South Africa on the successful holding of the Liberation Movements Summit. He said, the world has entered a new period of turbulence and transformation, with more uncertainties, instabilities and unpredictable factors. China is willing to work with South Africa to implement the consensus reached by the two heads of state, strengthen bilateral and multilateral communication and coordination, promote unity and cooperation among developing countries, and jointly safeguard international fairness and justice and the interests of the Global South countries.

Liu said, the CPC is willing to continuously deepen its friendly relations with the ANC, support each other, learn from each other, and strengthen cooperation in areas such as cadre training to promote greater development of China-South Africa relations. Liu also introduced China’s further deepening reforms comprehensively, advancement of Chinese modernization and formulation of the 15th Five-Year Plan.

Wu Peng, Chinese Ambassador to South Africa, and Gwen Ramokgopa, ANC Treasurer-General, attended the meeting.

Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, President of the SWAPO Party and President of Namibia, Meets with Liu Jianchao

Johannesburg, July 26th (IDCPC) — Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, President of the SWAPO Party and President of Namibia, met here today with Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC).

Ndaitwah said, the world is now in a period of turbulence and transformation, which has a profound impact on the development of both Africa and China. Since last year, the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) and the Ministerial Meeting of Coordinators on the Implementation of the Follow-up Actions of the FOCAC have been successfully held, pushing Africa-China cooperation to a new level. Namibia highly appreciates this. Namibia hopes to strengthen cooperation with China in areas such as agriculture, minerals, infrastructure, clean energy, trade and investment under the framework of the FOCAC, and promote common development and prosperity between Namibia and China as well as Africa and China. The SWAPO Party values its long-term friendly relations with the CPC and is satisfied with the current progress of cooperation between the two Parties. The SWAPO Party hopes to further enhance personnel exchanges and ideological exchanges between the two Parties, and jointly improve respective governance capabilities. Namibia believes in and supports multilateralism and hopes to promote economic and social development through multilateral cooperation and address global challenges.

Liu said, China and Namibia are good brothers, good friends and good partners. This year marks the 35th anniversary of Namibia’s independence and the 35th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Namibia. China is willing to take this opportunity to work with Namibia to accelerate the implementation of the outcomes of the Beijing Summit of the FOCAC, deeply align the development strategies of the two countries, continuously enhance the level of cooperation, and play a demonstration role for China and Africa to jointly promote modernization. At present, unilateralism, isolationism and protectionism are on the rise. China and Namibia are both important members of the Global South. China stands ready to strengthen coordination and cooperation with Namibia under the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, strengthen the unity and cooperation among the Global South countries, jointly respond to the complex evolution of the international situation, and better safeguard the common interests of developing countries.

Liu said, both the CPC and the SWAPO Party shoulder the historical mission of achieving national development and prosperity. The CPC is willing to strengthen political dialogue and strategic communication with the six Southern African liberation movements, including the SWAPO Party, enhance exchanges and mutual learning of experience in state governance and administration, deepen cooperation in areas such as party building and cadre training, and contribute to the development of bilateral relations and the cause of strengthening the two Parties and the two countries.

Sophia Shaningwa, Secretary General of the SWAPO Party, attended the meeting.

Emmerson Mnangagwa, President and First Secretary of the ZANU-PF and Zimbabwean President, Meets with Liu Jianchao

Johannesburg, July 27th (IDCPC) — Emmerson Mnangagwa, President and First Secretary of the Zimbabwe African National Union—Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) and Zimbabwean President, met here today with Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC).

Mnangagwa said, the brotherly friendship between Zimbabwe and China has been tested over time. Zimbabwe remembers China’s firm support for its national liberation cause and thanks China for its long-term sincere assistance to Zimbabwe’s national development. Zimbabwe firmly supports the three global initiatives proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping and is willing to deepen economic and trade cooperation and local exchanges with China under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative and the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), and enhance mutual understanding and friendship between the two countries and the two peoples. The ZANU-PF values its close relationship with the CPC and has benefited a lot from cooperation, such as cadre training and the construction of party schools. The ZANU-PF hopes to further deepen exchanges between the two Parties and promote greater development of Zimbabwe-China relations.

Liu said, General Secretary Xi Jinping and President Emmerson Mnangagwa reached important consensus on building a high-level China-Zimbabwe community with a shared future and a “five-star ironclad” cooperation framework, providing new strategic guidance for the development of China-Zimbabwe relations. China supports Zimbabwe in safeguarding its sovereignty, security and development interests. China is willing to take the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries as an opportunity to implement the important consensus and summit outcomes reached by the two heads of state, deeply integrate the high-quality Belt and Road cooperation with Zimbabwe’s Vision 2030, and promote mutually beneficial cooperation in investment, trade, infrastructure, clean energy, digital economy and other fields to help Zimbabwe accelerate its modernization process.

Liu said, the CPC and the ZANU-PF are good comrades and brothers. The CPC is willing to enhance political dialogue between the two Parties, deepen exchanges of experience in state governance and administration, and strengthen cooperation in areas such as the construction of Party schools and cadre training to jointly improve governance capabilities. The world is not peaceful at present, with surging unilateralism and protectionism. The CPC is willing to strengthen strategic communication and coordination with the ZANU-PF to promote a more just and reasonable international order.

Daniel Chapo, President of FRELIMO and President of Mozambique, Meets with Liu Jianchao

Johannesburg, July 27th (IDCPC) — Daniel Chapo, President of FRELIMO and President of Mozambique, met here today with Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee.

Chapo said, the friendship between Mozambique and China has a long history. Mozambique will always stand firmly with China and is willing to enhance bilateral and multilateral communication and coordination to jointly address the challenges brought about by the volatile international situation. He congratulated the CPC on its continuous growth and outstanding achievements in leading China’s development. He said that the FRELIMO and the CPC are good brothers and partners, hoping to strengthen high-level exchanges with the CPC, and deeply learn from China’s experience in reform and development to help the FRELIMO build itself into a stronger party, accelerate the country’s modernization process, and continuously improve people’s living standards.

Liu said, this year marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Mozambique. Under the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, China is willing to work with Mozambique to enhance the alignment of development strategies, raise the level of cooperation in various fields, and accelerate the implementation of the outcomes of the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC).

Liu said, the friendship between the CPC and the FRELIMO is the political foundation and unique advantage of China-Mozambique relations. In the new situation, the CPC is willing to strengthen political dialogue with the FRELIMO, deepen exchanges and cooperation in areas such as cadre training, enhance mutual understanding, and improve governance capabilities. Profound changes unseen in a century are accelerating in today’s world. China will continue to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with the six Southern African liberation movements, including the FRELIMO, and other progressive forces around the world, join hands to resist risks, cope with challenges, and promote the common development of the Global South countries.

Liu Jianchao Meets with Mara Quiosa, Vice President of the MPLA

Johannesburg, July 26th (IDCPC) — Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC), met here today with Mara Quiosa, Vice President of the People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) on the sidelines of the Liberation Movements Summit 2025.

Liu congratulated Angola on the 50th anniversary of its independence and said that China and Angola are good friends, good partners and good brothers sharing sincerity, real results, amity, and good faith. In recent years, President Xi Jinping and President Joao Lourenco have met many times, reaching important consensus on and charting the course for the development of China-Angola relations in the new era. China is willing to follow the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, deepen political mutual trust, strengthen the alignment of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation with Angola 2050 strategy, and further explore the potential for mutually beneficial cooperation in key areas such as agriculture, infrastructure and mineral processing, to help Angola accelerate its independent development and bring more benefits to the people of both countries. China thanks Angola for its support in safeguarding China’s national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and will continue to firmly support Angola’s efforts to safeguard its national sovereignty, security and development interests. The world today is not peaceful, with protectionism, isolationism and unilateralism prevailing. China adheres to the path of peaceful development and is committed to maintaining the stability and smoothness of the global industrial and supply chains. China will inject stability, certainty and predictability into global development with its own development. China and Angola are both important members of the Global South. China is willing to work with Angola to promote the implementation of the ten partnership action plans in Africa, jointly advance the modernization process of China and Africa, and promote the unity and cooperation among Global South countries to enhance the international voice and influence of developing countries.

Liu said, the CPC is willing to work with the MPLA to implement the series of important consensus reached by the top leaders of the two Parties and the two countries on deepening inter-party exchanges and cooperation, maintain high-level exchanges, strengthen strategic communication, deepen exchanges of experience in state governance and administration, and closely cooperate in training cadres to jointly improve governance capacity and create a favorable environment for mutual benefit and win-win results between the two countries.

Quiosa said, Angola and China have enjoyed a long-standing friendship and close cooperation, with a solid and robust bilateral relationship. China is an important development partner of Angola. China has provided substantial assistance and support for Angola’s infrastructure development, and the in-depth cooperation between the two countries in agriculture, energy, water conservancy and other fields has effectively promoted Angola’s national development. More Chinese enterprises are welcome to invest in Angola. The MPLA hopes to further deepen friendly relations with the CPC, increase personnel exchanges between the two Parties, strengthen exchanges of ideas and concepts and cooperation in cadre training, and promote greater development of bilateral relations.

Liu Jianchao Meets with Mizengo Pinda, Member of the Central Committee of CCM and Former Prime Minister of Tanzania

Johannesburg, July 25th (IDCPC) — Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC), met here today with Mizengo Pinda, Member of the Central Committee of Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) and former Prime Minister of Tanzania during the Liberation Movements Summit 2025.

Liu said that the friendship between China and Tanzania is rooted in the fact that the older generation of leaders from the two countries shared weal and woe in the national liberation struggle, developed on the basis of mutual respect and trust in the pursuit of national rejuvenation, and grew stronger as both sides advanced together on the path of modernization. It has become a fine example of unity and cooperation among developing countries in seeking common development. China supports Tanzania in exploring a development path that suits its national conditions, safeguarding its sovereignty, security and development interests. China appreciates Tanzania’s firm support on the Taiwan question, issues related to Hong Kong, Xinjiang and human rights. China and Tanzania both belong to the Global South and share a common vision for a just and equal world order. China is willing to, together with Tanzania, carry forward traditional friendship, enhance the alignment of the two countries’ development strategies, and implement the three major global initiatives, so as to make China-Tanzania relations a model for China-Africa relations and cooperation among developing countries, promote unity among Global South countries, and make greater contributions to upholding international fairness and justice and building an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era.

Liu said, the CPC and the CCM share common ideals, enjoy deep friendship and maintain close cooperation. The CPC is willing to work with the CCM to implement the memorandum of understanding on exchanges and cooperation between the two Parties, enhance high-level exchanges and political dialogue, deepen exchanges of experience on governance issues of common concern such as poverty alleviation, anti-corruption and agricultural development, and continue to support the development of the Mwalimu Julius Nyerere Leadership School to jointly improve Party building of both sides and better serve the cause of governance and national development of both sides.

Pinda said, the friendship between Tanzania and China has withstood the test of international vicissitudes and remains unbreakable. Tanzania admires China’s remarkable development achievements and is deeply grateful for China’s strong support in development. China’s connectivity with its neighboring countries has made positive progress, effectively enhancing the level of cooperation between China and its neighbors, and benefiting various countries. Tanzania hopes to accelerate the renovation and upgrading of the TAZARA Railway with China to help improve regional trade and logistics efficiency for Tanzania and its neighboring countries. The CCM thanks the CPC for its support in the teaching and operation of the Mwalimu Julius Nyerere Leadership School and for helping the six Southern African liberation movements realize development aspirations. The CCM hopes to continue to strengthen exchanges with the CPC, learn from the CPC’s experience in the construction of Party schools and cadre training, and enhance the CCM’s leadership capacity to better achieve national development goals.

Liu Jianchao Meets with Jibril Rajoub, Secretary General of the Fatah Central Committee of Palestine

Johannesburg, July 26th (IDCPC) — Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC), met here today with Jibril Rajoub, Secretary General of the Fatah Central Committee of Palestine during the Liberation Movements Summit 2025.

Liu said, China highly values the traditional friendship between China and Palestine. No matter how the international situation changes, the two sides have always trusted and supported each other and are good friends, partners and brothers. The CPC attaches great importance to developing friendly relations with Fatah and is willing to deepen exchanges between the two Parties and promote the continuous development of the strategic partnership between China and Palestine.

Liu said, the Palestinian question is at the heart of the Middle East issue, and the two-State solution is the only realistic way to solve the Palestinian question. China firmly supports the just cause of the Palestinian people to restore their legitimate national rights, support Palestine’s bid for full United Nations (UN) membership, and supports the immediate realization of a sustained ceasefire in Gaza to effectively alleviate the humanitarian crisis. China is willing to work with the international community to continue to make unremitting efforts to promote an early, comprehensive, just and lasting settlement of the Palestinian question. China has always supported internal reconciliation in Palestine and believes that internal reconciliation in Palestine is an important step towards resolving the Palestinian question and achieving peace and stability in the Middle East. China sincerely hopes that Palestine will realize solidarity, unity and independent statehood at an early date.

Rajoub said, Fatah is proud of the deep friendship between Palestine and China and the long-term friendly cooperation with the CPC. He thanked China for its tremendous assistance to Palestine’s development over the years and its important contributions to promoting reconciliation among Palestinian factions, which has created positive conditions for Palestine to realize independent statehood and brought new hope to the Palestinian people. Palestine and Fatah are willing to further strengthen exchanges and cooperation with China and the CPC, and jointly defend international fairness and justice and maintain world peace and stability.

Liu Jianchao Meets with Fikile Mbalula, Secretary-General of the ANC of South Africa

Johannesburg, July 25th (IDCPC) — Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, met here today with Fikile Mbalula, Secretary-General of the African National Congress (ANC) of South Africa, on the sidelines of the Liberation Movements Summit 2025.

Liu said, since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Africa 27 years ago, the two countries have always respected and supported each other, treated each other as equals, and achieved win-win cooperation, setting a fine example of friendly exchanges and mutual assistance between China and African countries and Global South countries. President Xi Jinping and President Cyril Ramaphosa have met many times, elevating China-South Africa relations to an all-round strategic cooperative partnership in the new era, and reaching important consensus on jointly building a high-level China-South Africa community with a shared future, leading China-South Africa relations into a “golden era”. China is willing to work with South Africa to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, strengthen high-level strategic communication, firmly support each other’s core interests and major concerns, and elevate all-round cooperation between China and South Africa to new heights to better safeguard the strategic, security and development interests of the two countries.

Liu said, the CPC and the ANC are good comrades and brothers. Under the new circumstances, the CPC is willing to implement the memorandum of understanding on exchanges and cooperation between the two Parties, further deepen the institutionalized exchanges with the ANC, enhance high-level exchanges and political dialogue, strengthen exchanges of experience in state governance and administration, promote practical cooperation between the two sides through inter-party channels, and provide a strong political guarantee for the continuous and healthy development of China-South Africa relations. In a world of changes and turmoil, the changes are still developing, while turmoil is becoming more prominent. The Liberation Movements Summit held in South Africa this time has sent out a strong message of progressive forces joining hands and opposing external interference. The CPC is willing to work with the ANC to make good use of mechanisms such as the BRICS Political Parties Plus Dialogue, strengthen unity and cooperation among Global South countries, jointly resist risks and address common challenges, and work for a more just and equitable international order.

Mbalula welcomed the CPC delegation led by Liu Jianchao for the Liberation Movements Summit. He said, South Africa appreciates the valuable support provided by China for South Africa’s national development over a long period of time. The world order is undergoing profound changes at present. South Africa adheres to a no-alliance policy and hopes to strengthen coordination and cooperation with China in international affairs and multilateral institutions such as BRICS and the G20, practice true multilateralism, promote the establishment of a new international order and a more just and reasonable global governance system that is beneficial to developing countries, and jointly safeguard the collective interests of Global South countries. The ANC and the CPC have forged deep sentiments through long-term exchanges, effectively promoting the common development and prosperity of the two countries. The ANC hopes to strengthen exchanges with the CPC in areas such as ideological work and cadre training, and promote practical cooperation in trade, investment, and other fields, so as to deliver more tangible benefits to the two peoples.

Wu Peng, Chinese Ambassador to South Africa, was present.

Liu Jianchao Meets with Gwen Ramokgopa, ANC Treasurer-General of South Africa

Johannesburg, July 26th (IDCPC) — Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, met here today with Gwen Ramokgopa, Treasurer-General of the African National Congress (ANC) of South Africa, on the sidelines of the 2025 Liberation Movements Summit.

Liu congratulated the successful holding of the Liberation Movements Summit in South Africa. He said, in the face of a complex and volatile international situation, it is more necessary for the political parties from the Global South countries, including the CPC and the Former Liberation Movements of Southern Africa, to strengthen unity and cooperation, jointly address global challenges, and promote the establishment of a more just and reasonable international order. The CPC values its friendly relations with the ANC and will continue to stand firmly with the ANC, implement the memorandum of understanding on exchanges and cooperation between the two Parties, deepen exchanges of experience in state governance and administration, and promote practical cooperation in agriculture, mining and real estate through the “political party +” channel to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results.

Ramokgopa said, the world is facing severe and complex challenges in geopolitics. The holding of the Liberation Movements Summit is conducive to uniting the progressive forces of the Global South, practicing true multilateralism, and maintaining international fairness and justice. South Africa firmly adheres to the one-China principle. The ANC attaches great importance to its brotherly relations with the CPC, appreciates the great development achievements made by the CPC in leading China and its positive contributions to promoting world development. The ANC hopes to further expand the depth and breadth of exchanges between the two Parties, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning in areas such as anti-corruption and state administration, enhance governance capabilities of both sides, and promote economic and trade investment cooperation between the two sides through inter-party channels, so as to promote the common development of the two countries.

Xi Jinping pledges US$100 million for Palestine

China-Palestine Relations — Xi Jinping pledges US$100 million for Palestine

Xi Jinping pledges US$100 million for Palestine

Article 11 of 13

Friends of Socialist China

Originally published at https://socialistchina.org/2025/12/09/xi-jinping-pledges-us100-million-for-palestine/

In the latest manifestation of China’s long-standing support for the just struggle of the Palestinian people, President Xi Jinping has announced that his country will provide 100 million US dollars of assistance to Palestine to alleviate the humanitarian crisis in Gaza and support its recovery and reconstruction.

Xi made the announcement on December 4 during a joint press conference with French President Emmanuel Macron, who was paying a state visit to China.

The following day Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Lin Jian said that since the outbreak of the conflict, China has provided multiple batches of humanitarian supplies to the Gaza Strip through the UN, Egypt, Jordan and other channels, which was welcomed and appreciated by the Palestinian government and people. China firmly supports the just cause of the Palestinian people in restoring their legitimate national rights and will continue working relentlessly with the international community for a full and lasting ceasefire in Gaza, the easing of humanitarian situation there, and an early political settlement of the Palestinian question.

In its response to this news, Hamas stated:

“The Islamic Resistance Movement Hamas expresses its great appreciation to Chinese President Xi Jinping and the friendly People’s Republic of China for announcing the provision of humanitarian aid worth $100 million in support of the Palestinian people in the Gaza Strip and to alleviate their humanitarian suffering under the continuous aggression imposed by the occupation on our people, and to contribute to the efforts of reconstruction.

“This generous initiative comes as an extension of China’s historical and firm positions in support of the rights of our Palestinian people, which are non-negotiable, including their right to freedom and independence, their right to self-determination, and the establishment of their independent Palestinian state with full sovereignty and its capital Jerusalem.”

The Palestinian News and Information Agency WAFA further reported that President Mahmoud Abbas had sent a letter to Xi Jinping expressing his deep appreciation, adding that this generous initiative embodies China’s principled and unwavering stance in support of justice and reflects the profound humanitarian and moral solidarity demonstrated by the Chinese leadership towards the Palestinian people in light of the unprecedented aggression and suffering they are enduring.

He further emphasised the important role China plays in supporting the rights of the Palestinian people and their steadfastness on their land, and in mitigating the effects of the occupation’s aggression, its hostile policies, and the practices of the colonists.

The following articles were originally published by the Xinhua and WAFA news agencies.

China’s 100-mln-USD assistance to help reduce suffering of Palestinian people: spokesperson

BEIJING, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) — China’s latest assistance worth 100 million U.S. dollars to Palestine will help improve Gaza’s humanitarian situation and reduce the suffering of the Palestinian people, Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Lin Jian said on Friday.

Lin made the remarks at a daily press briefing when asked for details of China’s consideration on the assistance, which was earmarked for easing the humanitarian crisis and post-conflict reconstruction.

When jointly meeting the press with French President Emmanuel Macron on Thursday, President Xi Jinping announced China will provide 100 million dollars of assistance to Palestine to alleviate the humanitarian crisis in Gaza and support its recovery and reconstruction. Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas has sent a message of thanks to President Xi.

President Xi also said that China and France will work together for the realization of a comprehensive, just and lasting solution to the Palestinian question at an early date, Lin said.

Noting that it has been over two years since the latest conflict in Gaza broke out, which caused unprecedented humanitarian crisis, Lin said China is deeply concerned over that.

He added that since the outbreak of the conflict, China has provided multiple batches of humanitarian supplies to the Gaza strip through the UN, Egypt, Jordan and other channels, which was welcomed and appreciated by the Palestinian government and people.

He said President Xi described the Palestinian question as a test to the effectiveness of the global governance system and called on the international community to look straight at the root cause of the question, step up to the responsibility and take robust action to redress the historical injustice and uphold fairness and justice.

China firmly supports the just cause of the Palestinian people in restoring their legitimate national rights and will continue working relentlessly with the international community for a full and lasting ceasefire in Gaza, the easing of humanitarian situation there, and an early political settlement of the Palestinian question on the basis of the two-State solution, the spokesperson said.

President Abbas thanks China for $100 million in humanitarian aid to Palestine

RAMALLAH, December 4, 2025 (WAFA) – Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas sent a letter of gratitude to Chinese President Xi Jinping, expressing his deep ppreciation for China’s announcement of $100 million in humanitarian aid to the State of Palestine. This aid will support efforts to alleviate the humanitarian crisis in the Gaza Strip and bolster early recovery and reconstruction programs.

In his letter, President Abbas affirmed that this generous initiative embodies China’s principled and unwavering stance in support of justice and reflects the profound humanitarian and moral solidarity demonstrated by the Chinese leadership towards the Palestinian people in light of the unprecedented aggression and suffering they are enduring.

The President emphasized the important role China plays in supporting the rights of the Palestinian people and their steadfastness on their land, and in mitigating the effects of the occupation’s aggression, its hostile policies, and the practices of the colonists.

He expressed his appreciation for this generous support during this critical time, emphasizing that it reflects the strength of the historical friendship between the two countries and their peoples, and the Chinese leadership’s commitment to strengthening these relations and expanding the frameworks of cooperation and partnership for the benefit of both nations and to promote peace and stability in the region.

He also expressed strong appreciation for China’s supportive stances on the Palestinian cause in international forums, affirming the State of Palestine’s aspiration to continue working jointly with the People’s Republic of China to promote a just and comprehensive peace based on international law.

Palestinian parties visit China

China-Palestine Relations — Palestinian parties visit China

Palestinian parties visit China

Article 12 of 13

Friends of Socialist China

Originally published at https://socialistchina.org/2026/06/10/palestinian-parties-visit-china/

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Jin Xin, Vice-minister of the International Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee (IDCPC), met with a delegation of Palestinian political parties led by Ali Mashal, Assistant Commissioner of Arab and Chinese Relations of the Palestinian National Liberation Movement (Fatah), on May 26.

Jin said that China firmly supports the just cause of the Palestinian people in restoring their legitimate national rights and will work with the international community to promote a comprehensive, just and lasting solution to the Palestinian question at an early date. The CPC stands ready to work with all Palestinian political parties to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, strengthen ideological exchanges and friendly cooperation, and continuously enrich the connotation of the China-Palestine strategic partnership.

Mashal said that Palestine adheres to the one-China principle and thanks China for its firm support for the Palestinian people’s just cause. The Palestinian political parties are willing to strengthen exchanges with the CPC, enhance exchanges and mutual learning of experience on state governance and administration, and promote greater development of the China-Palestine strategic partnership.

The following article was originally published on the website of the IDCPC.

Jin Xin Meets with a Delegation of the Palestinian Political Parties

Beijing, May 26 (IDCPC) – Jin Xin, Vice-minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, met here today with a delegation of the Palestinian political parties led by Ali Mashal, Assistant Commissioner of Arab and Chinese Relations of the Palestinian National Liberation Movement (Fatah).

Jin noted that under the strategic guidance of President Xi Jinping and President Mahmoud Abbas, China-Palestine relations have continued to deepen. China firmly supports the just cause of the Palestinian people in restoring their legitimate national rights and will work with the international community to promote a comprehensive, just and lasting solution to the Palestinian question at an early date. The CPC stands ready to work with all Palestinian political parties to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, strengthen ideological exchanges and friendly cooperation, and continuously enrich the connotation of the China-Palestine strategic partnership. Jin also briefed the guests on the campaign to establish and practice a correct view on governance performance.

Mashal said that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, the CPC adheres to a people-centered development philosophy and has led the Chinese people to achieve great development and make important contributions to promoting world peace and development. Palestine adheres to the one-China principle and thanks China for its firm support for the Palestinian people’s just cause. The Palestinian political parties are willing to strengthen exchanges with the CPC, enhance exchanges and mutual learning of experience on state governance and administration, and promote greater development of the China-Palestine strategic partnership.

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Why Doesn’t China Sanction “Israel”?: Analysis

China-Palestine Relations — Why Doesn’t China Sanction “Israel”?: Analysis

Why Doesn’t China Sanction “Israel”?: Analysis

Article 13 of 13

Voice of the Proletariat

By Park Jee-hoon

Originally published at https://voiceoftheproletariat.substack.com/p/why-doesnt-china-sanction-israel

In recent years, many leftists have criticized the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other BRICS countries for “refusing” to sanction the so-called “State of Israel.”

Often, critics point to the “billion-dollar trade relationship” between China and “Israel.” Of course, they will fail to mention that China is also Iran’s top trade partner.

China has long opposed the use of unilateral sanctions such as those used by the USA and EU, which have no basis in international law and routinely violate the important concepts of sovereign equality, non‑intervention, and human rights obligations. Or, in other words, China refuses to engage in hegemonic bullying.

China does not sanction entire countries; typically, sanctions will only be placed upon individuals (e.g., foreign government officials or lawmakers), organizations (e.g., think tanks or NGOs), or companies (e.g., defense contractors selling to “Taiwan independence” separatist forces and refusing to uphold the One China principle).

In the case of “Israel,” China has “restricted economic activities in small, extremely high-risk areas” in line with international law. Domestically, according to Reuters, China had previously banned several American and “Israeli” companies, citing cybersecurity concerns.

There is as well an ideological reason for this supposed “failure” to sanction “Israel.” China remains a developing nation in the primary stage of building socialism in one country and closely adheres to the concept of peaceful co-existence.

China’s Five Principles of Peaceful Co-Existence include (1) mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, (2) mutual non-aggression, (3) non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, (4) equality and mutual benefit, and (5) peaceful co-existence. This stands in contrast to the Trotskyite idea of a so-called “permanent revolution” around the world.

The only true criticisms that can be made against China on this topic are (1) their recognition of “Israel” as a state as well as (2) their stated support for the so-called “two-state solution.”

In regard to both criticisms, it is worth noting that China upholds and adheres to the resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and does not seek to impose its will upon the world.

On the issue of state recognition, China, especially under General Secretary Xi Jinping, stands for peace and diplomacy. If China does not recognize “Israel,” there is little opportunity for dialogue.

On the second point, it is possible China may see the “two-state solution” as a way to shine a light on “Israel’s” refusal to adhere to the 1967 borders typically associated with this “solution,” much like Comrade Lenin’s idea that Communists may participate in bourgeois elections to prove their futility.¹

In most regards, there is already a “two-state solution” in effect right now. While many have suggested this “solution” could lead to peace, this is a ridiculous notion, and China likely understands this. While a two-state reality would theoretically bring peace, at least temporarily, it is clear “Israel” has no desire to uphold it.

As such, China has also supported Palestine through diplomatic means. China has refused to label Palestine’s Hamas, Lebanon’s Hezbollah, Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and similar groups as terrorist organizations, which has infuriated “Israel” in the past. China does not accept the idea that the Palestinian-“Israeli” conflict began on October 7th.

In February 2024, Ma Xinmin, Director-General of the Department of Treaty and Law of the Chinese Foreign Ministry and former Chinese ambassador to Sudan, asserted at the International Court of Justice (ICJ):

The Palestinian-Israeli conflict stems from Israel’s prolonged occupation of Palestinian territory and Israel’s long-standing oppression of the Palestinian people. The Palestinian people fight against Israeli oppression and their struggle for completing the establishment of an independent State on the occupied territories are, essentially, just actions for restoring their legitimate rights. The right to self-determination serves as the precise legal foundation for their struggle.

The Palestinian people, being a group residing in territory under foreign domination, is a sui generis international legal person as a whole. The right to self-determination of the Palestinian people has been consistently reaffirmed in multiple United Nations resolutions and the Wall Advisory Opinion. This is also widely recognized by most States and international organizations.

Citing international law, he asserted:

The Palestinian people enjoy the right to self-determination, which includes five main aspects: first, the right to preserve territorial integrity; second, the right to maintain national unity, that is, the Palestinian people, in its group identity, collectively enjoys and exercises the right to self-determination; third, the right to freely determine their political status; fourth, the right to freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development; fifth, the right to permanent sovereignty over natural wealth and resources.

Every State is obliged to promote the realization of the right to self-determination and to refrain from any forcible action which deprives peoples of that right. In their pursuit of the right to self-determination, these peoples have the right to engage in struggles, seek and receive support. On the basis of that right, the Palestinian people declared the establishment of the State of Palestine in 1988, which has been recognized by over 130 countries.

In November 2025, China also backed Russia’s proposal for Palestine at the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), which would have prioritized Palestinian sovereignty, statehood, and self-governance, as well as their right to historic Palestinian land. This proposal, which was in opposition to Trump’s “peace plan,” was ultimately rejected.

It is no secret that China retains good relations with Iran. A Chinese delegation was present at the recent funeral of the martyred Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Khamenei, who was assassinated by American forces in late February 2026.

Further, according to Western sources such as the UK’s The Independent, Hamas has allegedly used “Chinese weaponry, including assault rifles and grenade launchers,” though the article questions whether this is a direct China-Hamas link or if the weaponry was received indirectly (e.g., through Iran).

Of course, this is not to say that there are no Zionists in China. No nation is monolithic, let alone one with a population of over 1.4 billion. While the large majority of the Chinese nation supports the struggle for Palestinian liberation, there remain some, such as Chinese Zionist Christians, who are stuck in a backward way of thinking.

Additionally, many Taiwan residents have erroneously decided to support “Israel” due to the Taiwan authorities' decision to offer propagandistic, pro-Western education in China's Taiwan province as well as “Israel's” pinkwashing through Pride events (Taiwan has a sizable LGBT+ community). Chairman Mao had recognized back in 1965:

Imperialism is afraid of China and of the Arabs. Israel and Formosa [Taiwan] are bases of imperialism in Asia. You are the gate of the great continent and we are the rear. They created Israel for you, and Formosa for us.

Regardless of the small number of Chinese who have been led astray, the Chinese nation’s support for the Palestinian struggle for liberation will never end.

As Chairman Mao said in 1964, we must “unite and defeat the US aggressors and all their running dogs … dare to fight, defy difficulties, and advance wave upon wave. Then the whole world will belong to the People. Monsters of all kinds shall be destroyed.”

Long live the People’s Republic of China!

Long live the Palestinian people!

Glory to the martyrs!

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